…The slave trade in the 16th century was developed by the Portuguese, but in the 17th century the Dutch West India Company entered the country, and as Jamaica, the French islands of Guadeloupe, and Martinique became the centers of sugar production in the latter half of the 17th century, merchants from both Britain and France entered the slave trade. Britain initially tried to develop the slave trade as a monopoly business run by privileged companies such as the Royal African Company, which was established in 1672, but failed. In the 17th century, individual merchants in London and Bristol, and in the 18th century, in Liverpool, took control of the slave trade, and are said to have made high profits of more than 10% per year on average. However, some estimates of the profit rate ranged from several tens of percent to more than 100%. … *Some of the terminology referenced in "Royal African Co." is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…したがって,16世紀の奴隷貿易はポルトガル人によって展開されたが,17世紀になるとオランダ西インド会社が進出し,17世紀後半からジャマイカやフランス領グアドループ,マルティニク両島が砂糖生産の中心になるにつれて,イギリス,フランス両国商人が奴隷貿易にのり出した。イギリスは,当初,1672年に設立された王立アフリカ会社Royal African Companyなど,特権会社による独占事業として奴隷貿易を展開しようとしたが失敗し,17世紀にはロンドンとブリストル,18世紀にはリバプールの個人商人が奴隷貿易を握り,年間平均10%以上の高い利潤をあげたといわれる。ただし,利潤率については,数十%から100%以上という推計もある。… ※「Royal African Co.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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