...When only one of the two membranes is struck (e.g., the Japanese kotsuzumi), the membrane that is not struck (the back leather) is made somewhat thinner so that it resonates sensitively with the membrane that is struck (the front leather). In Indian drums and other such drums, the membrane is doubled around the periphery, so that when the membrane vibrates, it comes into contact with the surrounding membranes slightly, creating an effect similar to the "sawari" sound of the Japanese shamisen. Examples of drums with more clearly defined additional sounds include the frame drums of Southwest Asia, which have a resonating string (snare) near the membrane, a metal ring hung inside the frame, or small metal pieces attached to it, as well as the European snare drums and tambourines influenced by these, and drums from various parts of Africa, which have bells hung around the body of the drum or a device that resonates a thin membrane inside the body. (2) Body The function of the body is, first, to maintain tension in the membrane, and secondly, to create a cavity inside that allows sound to resonate and create the characteristic sound of the drum. *Some terminology that mentions "snare drum" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…2面の膜のうち,片方のみが打たれる場合(例,日本の小鼓),打たれない方の膜(裏革)は打たれた膜(表革)に敏感に共振するように,いくぶん薄く作られている。インドの太鼓などに多く見られる例では,膜の周辺が二重になっており,打たれた膜が振動すると,かすかに周辺の膜と触れ合い,日本の三味線における〈さわり〉のような効果を出す方法があり,さらに明確な付加音がつけられた太鼓としては,膜面の近くに響線(ひびきせん)(スネア)を張ったり,枠の内側に金属の輪をつり下げたり,小さな金属片を付けたりした西南アジア一帯の枠太鼓,およびその影響を受けたヨーロッパのスネア・ドラムsnare drum,タンバリン,および太鼓の胴の周囲に鈴をつり下げたり,胴の中に薄い膜を共振させる装置をもったアフリカ各地の太鼓などがあげられる。(2)胴 胴の機能は第1に膜の緊張を保持することにあり,第2には内部に空洞を設けて音を響かせ,特徴ある太鼓の音を形成することにある。… ※「snare drum」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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