Kaba Mikuriya - Kaba no Mikuriya

Since the Heian period, the Mikuriya of Ise Shrine has been located in Totomi Province. It is currently located in the southeastern part of Hamamatsu City, Shizuoka Prefecture. With Hikuma-juku in Hamamatsu-sho to the west and Ikeda-juku in Ikeda-sho (Matsuo Shrine territory) to the east, it was a key transportation hub. The Tenryu River originally flowed east of Ikeda-sho, but due to changes in the river course, it flowed west of Ikeda-sho and east of Kamagomikuriya during the Nanboku-cho period, where it remains to this day. The Mikuriya is roughly divided into eastern and western parts, and Kamagomimeisha Shrine in the west was the base of local management of Ise Shrine. The Kama Shinmeisha Kengyo is thought to be a descendant of the land lord who developed this area, and he had free land and controlled the land offered to the gods, and in the Kamakura period he served as a deputy governor under the Hojo clan, the land steward. In 1391 (8th year of Genchu, 2nd year of Meitoku), Yoshimitsu Ashikaga donated the position of land steward to Todaiji Temple. In the mid-Muromachi period, under Todaiji Temple, Ojima (a local lord of Echizen) who was a vassal of the Shiba clan, the provincial governor, and Okochi who was a vassal of the Mikawa Kira clan, among others, assumed the position of magistrate, and the situation became complicated with the movements of the various nobles in the west and east of Mikuriya. The main annual taxes paid to Todaiji Temple were 109 koku of wheat, 176 koku of beans, and a fixed tax (actual details unknown) of 125 kan. Rice was scarce, and field crops predominated. The attack on the Hikimaichi storehouse by the peasants of Gamoro Komon in 1456 (Kōshō 2) is famously known as the Tokusei Ikki (Virtuous Rebellion).

[Kyohei Oyama]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

平安時代以来、遠江(とおとうみ)国にあった伊勢(いせ)神宮の御厨。現在の静岡県浜松市の南東部にあたる。西に浜松庄(しょう)の引間(ひくま)宿、東に池田庄（松尾社領）の池田宿があり、交通の要衝にあった。初め天竜川は池田庄の東を流れたが、河道の変遷により、南北朝時代には池田庄の西、蒲御厨の東を流れて現在に至っている。御厨は大きく東方・西方に分かれており、西方にあった蒲神明(しんめい)社が伊勢神宮の現地経営の拠点であった。蒲神明社検校(けんぎょう)はこの地の開発領主の後裔(こうえい)とみられ、免田(めんでん)をもち、神供田(じんぐでん)を支配するとともに、鎌倉時代には地頭(じとう)北条氏のもとで代官を勤めた。やがて1391年（元中8・明徳2）に足利義満(あしかがよしみつ)が地頭職(じとうしき)を東大寺に寄進した。東大寺のもとで室町中期には守護斯波(しば)氏の被官応嶋(おうじま)（越前(えちぜん)の国人(こくじん)）や三河(みかわ)吉良(きら)氏の被官大河内(おおこうち)などが代官職を請け負い、御厨西方および東方の諸公文(くもん)の動きと相まって複雑な情況を示した。東大寺への年貢は麦109石余、豆176石余、定役(じょうやく)（実体は不明）125貫余などが主たるもので、米は少なく畑作が優越していた。1456年（康正2）に起こった蒲諸公文百姓らの引間市(いち)土倉襲撃事件は、徳政一揆(いっき)として著名である。

［大山喬平］

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