…Other works written in Latin by anonymous authors in the late 14th century describe something similar to Bhaskara's second plan, and around 1440, Mariano di Jacopo Taccola (1381-1458) drew a diagram of a machine with a hinged rod. In more recent times, various ideas have been proposed, most notably by Edward Somerset, 1601-67, the Marquess of Worcester, who in his One Hundred Inventions (1663) describes a perpetual motion device that uses balls rolling between the rim and the outer ring of a wheel. The wheel has a diameter of 14 feet (4.3 m) and uses 40 balls weighing 50 pounds (22.7 kg). … From [Steam Engine] ...a type of steam engine that converts the thermal energy of steam into mechanical work. The steam pressure acts on a piston inside a cylinder, and the piston's reciprocating motion produces work. *Some of the terminology that mentions "Somerset, E." is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…そのほか,14世紀後半の無名の著者によるラテン語の著作にはバースカラの第2案に似たものが記述されており,1440年ころにはタッコラMariano di Jacopo Taccola(1381‐1458)がちょうつがいつきの棒を取り付けた機械の図を描いている。 近代になっても種々の考案が提出されたが,そのうち著名なのはウースター侯(サマセットEdward Somerset,1601‐67)で,彼の《発明百集》(1663)には,車輪のリムと外輪との間に球を転がす方式の永久運動装置が記されている。重さ50ポンド(22.7kg)の球を40個使った直径14フィート(4.3m)の車輪である。… 【蒸気機関】より…蒸気のもつ熱エネルギーを機械的仕事に変換する蒸気原動機の一形式で,蒸気の圧力をシリンダー内のピストンに作用させ,その往復運動によって仕事を行わせるものである。 ※「Somerset,E.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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