It mainly refers to the risks associated with overseas investment and loans and trade transactions, but in terms of its meaning, it is used as a general term for risks related to the validity of business plans (project risk), risks related to the reliability of the trading partner (private risk), and risks related to the trading partner country that do not fall under exchange rate risk, etc. Country risk can be classified into three categories: the risk that the trading partner's country will be unable to fulfill its external debt due to a deterioration in its foreign currency cash flow (sovereign risk), the risk of nationalization due to a change in the investment and loan recipient's government's policy, and emergency risk, which makes normal corporate management and trade transactions difficult due to the occurrence of an emergency in the trading partner country, such as revolution, civil war, or war. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
主として海外投融資や貿易取引に付随するリスクをいうが,その意味内容としては,事業計画の妥当性にかかわるリスク(プロジェクト・リスク),取引相手先の信頼性にかかわるリスク(プライベート・リスク),為替リスクなどに該当しない取引相手国にかかわるリスクの総称として使われている。また,カントリー・リスクは,取引相手先の所属する国の外貨資金繰り悪化から対外債務履行が不可能になるリスク(ソブリン・リスクsovereign risk),投融資相手国政府の政策変更による国有化のリスク,そして相手国における革命,内乱,戦争など非常事態の発生によって通常の企業経営や貿易取引が困難となる非常危険リスクの三つに分類できる。
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