Oakland (English spelling)

Japanese: オークランド(英語表記)Oakland
Oakland (English spelling)
A city on the eastern shore of San Francisco Bay in central California, USA. The first ferry dock was opened in 1820, and the Southern Pacific Railroad was built in 1854. It was chosen as the terminus of the transcontinental railroad in 1869, and also had a port. After the Great San Francisco Earthquake of 1906, there was an influx of refugees. Commerce and industry developed early on. The Port of Oakland handles 4 million tons of cargo per year. Oil refining, the automobile industry, and other industries are well developed. The salt lake Lake Merritt is located within the city. The city is connected to San Francisco by the 13.2 km long Bay Bridge (1936), and together with San Jose, it forms a huge metropolitan area with a population of nearly 6.3 million. It was severely damaged in the October 1989 earthquake. There is an international airport, Mills College (founded in 1852), and the California College of Arts and Crafts. Population: 390,724 (2010).

Auckland
Auckland

A city in the Auckland region in the northern part of the North Island of New Zealand. It is the largest metropolitan area in the country. It is located in the southern part of Northland, between the Waitemata Harbour and the Manukau Harbour, on an isthmus characterized by volcanic topography. It was founded in 1840 and was the capital until 1865. It is a commercial and trade center with agricultural and pastoral areas in the hinterland, and is the country's number one industrial and port city. The port is in Waitemata Harbour, and the international airport is on the shores of Manukau Harbour. Residential areas, factories, and commercial districts spread north and south from the center of the southern shore of the bay. Industries such as oil refining, metals, food, machinery, clothing, and printing are concentrated here, and a large steel factory is located in Glenbrook in the southern suburbs. It has the University of Auckland, a war museum, a library, an art museum, and other facilities. The complex scenery caused by the volcanic topography and parks form a unique urban landscape. Population: 149,000 (estimated 1991).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
アメリカ合衆国,カリフォルニア州中部のサンフランシスコ湾東岸の都市。 1820年最初の渡船場が開かれ,54年サザン・パシフィック鉄道が敷設された。 69年大陸横断鉄道の終点に選ばれ,港もつくった。 1906年のサンフランシスコ大地震では難民が殺到した。早くから商工業が発展。オークランド港は年間 400万tの荷が積卸しされる。石油精製,自動車工業,その他の工業が発達している。市内には,塩湖のメリット湖がある。サンフランシスコとの間は長さ 13.2kmの橋ベイブリッジ (1936) で結ばれ,サンノゼとともに人口 630万近い巨大都市圏を形成。 1989年 10月の地震で大きな被害を受けた。国際空港,ミルズ・カレッジ (1852創立) ,カリフォルニア芸術・工芸カレッジなどがある。人口 39万724(2010)。

オークランド
Auckland

ニュージーランド,ノース島北部,オークランド地方の都市。大都市圏としては同国最大。ノースランドの南部,ワイテマタ湾とマヌカウ湾にはさまれ,火山地形によって特徴づけられた地峡部に位置。 1840年に建設され,65年まで首都であった。農牧地帯を後背地とした商業貿易中心都市,同国第1の工業・港湾都市で,港はワイテマタ湾,国際空港はマヌカウ湾岸にあり,湾の南岸の中心部を中心に南北に住宅地,工場地区,商業地区が広がる。石油精製,金属,食品,機械,衣料品,印刷などの工業が集中し,南郊のグレンブルックには大規模な鉄鋼工場がある。オークランド大学,戦争博物館,図書館,美術館などがあり,火山地形による複雑な風光と公園によって独特の都市景観を形成。人口 14万 9000 (1991推計) 。

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