Surrogate

Japanese: Surrogat
Surrogate

…Generally, this is a common characteristic of secured real rights, excluding liens. Pledges, mortgages, and preferential rights all function as security for claims by receiving priority payment from the exchange value of the object, so if the object is transformed into something else in value (such as the above-mentioned right to claim damages or right to claim fire insurance money, which is called a surrogate), it is fair to make the effect of the special right apply to the transformed object. This is called subrogation. For example, if a movable property pawned by A to B is lost due to the negligence of a third party, C, A acquires a right to claim damages against C based on tort, but B's pledge continues to exist on this right to claim damages. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Surrogat" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…一般に留置権を除く担保物権に共通な特性。質権,抵当権および先取(さきどり)特権はいずれも目的物の交換価値から優先弁済をうけることにより債権担保の機能を果たすものであるから,その目的物が価値的に別のもの(前記の損害賠償請求権,火災保険金請求権など。これを代位物Surrogatという)に姿を変えた場合に,その変形物に効力を及ぼすものとすることが衡平に適する。これを物上代位という。たとえば甲が乙に質入れ中の動産が第三者丙の過失によって失われた場合に,甲は丙に対し不法行為に基づく損害賠償請求権を取得するが,乙の質権はこの損害賠償請求権上に存続する。…

※「Surrogat」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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