...It was attributed to the work of the Mycenaean hero Theseus, but in reality it must have been the result of a long series of developments in which village communities, which had come to have their own councils and officials throughout the Dark Ages, united on an equal footing with Athens as the leading polis, amid the conflict between aristocrats and plebeians. In later times it was commemorated by a festival held on the 16th day of the month Hecatombaion (mid-July to mid-August today) as the settlement festival (synoikia) or migration festival (metoikia), but the majority of the ordinary members of the village communities continued to live rural lives as before. In Mycenaean times, the symbol of the Greek kingdom was the royal palace on the Acropolis, while the symbol of the newly established aristocratic polis was the temple of the patron god built on the Acropolis. ... *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "synoikia" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…それはミュケナイ時代の英雄テセウスの事業に帰せられたが,実際は暗黒時代を通じて独自の評議会や役人をもつに至った村落共同体が,貴族と平民の対立の中で,有力ポリスたるアテナイを中心として平等の立場で結合する長期にわたる一連の発展過程の末に成立したものであったに違いない。後世それは集住祭(シュノイキアsynoikia)または移住祭(メトイキアmetoikia)としてヘカトンバイオン月(今の7月半ばから8月半ばころ)の第16日に行われる祭典によって記念されたが,村落共同体の一般成員の大部分は従来通り田園の生活を続けた。ミュケナイ時代,ギリシア人の王国を象徴するものがアクロポリスにおける王宮であったのに対し,新たに成立した貴族政ポリスを象徴するものは,アクロポリスに建てられた守護神の神殿であった。… ※「synoikia」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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