...However, O'Neill's efforts to create plays as literature should never be overlooked. It should also be remembered that groups such as the Theatre Guild, founded in 1919, and the Group Theatre, formed in 1931 by HE Clurman, L. Strasberg, and others, enthusiastically staged foreign works by GB Shaw, Ibsen, and Strindberg, as well as new works by American writers such as O'Neill, W. Saroyan, and C. Odets, in an effort to raise the standard of American theater. Thus, from the 1920s to the 1940s, a succession of excellent playwrights appeared in America. ... From New York… Theater, an important element of New York culture, developed around Broadway from early on, and there are records of playhouses on Broadway as early as 1735 during the colonial period. However, it was in the 1920s and 1930s that New York theater truly achieved its theatrical excellence, and this was mainly due to the activities of a group called the Theater Guild, which introduced new European and American playwrights, including GB Shaw and O'Neill. The group also nurtured many great actors, such as the Lunts. … *Some of the terminology that refers to "Theatre Guild" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…しかし,文学としての戯曲を作ろうとしたオニールの努力そのものは決して軽視できない。また,1919年に創設されたシアター・ギルドTheatre Guild,31年にH.E.クラーマン,L.ストラスバーグらが結成したグループ・シアターGroup Theatreなどの団体が,G.B.ショー,イプセン,ストリンドベリらの外国の作品や,オニール,W.サローヤン,C.オデッツなどの自国作家の新作を意欲的に上演して,アメリカ演劇の水準を高めようとしたことも記憶されてよい。 こうして1920年代から40年代にかけてのアメリカには,すぐれた劇作家が相次いで登場した。… 【ニューヨーク】より… 演劇は,早くからニューヨーク文化の重要な要素として,ブロードウェーを中心に発達,すでに植民地時代の1735年,ブロードウェーに芝居小屋があったという記録がある。しかしニューヨークの演劇が真に優れた演劇性を獲得したのは,1920~30年代で,それはおもに,G.B.ショーやオニールを含むヨーロッパおよびアメリカの新しい劇作家を紹介した〈シアター・ギルドTheatre Guild〉というグループの活躍に負うところが多い。グループはまた,ラント夫妻のような名優も多く育てた。… ※「Theatre Guild」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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