Károlyi Mihály (English spelling)

Hungarian politician. Grew up under the influence of his father Sándor, a leader of the Physiocrats, and Albert Aponi, a leader of the independence movement. After graduating from the law department of Budapest University in 1899, he entered politics as a lifetime member of the House of Lords. In 1901, he joined the Liberal Party. In the 1905 election, he joined the Independence Party, and in 1913, after the party was reunited, he became its leader and engaged in pro-French activities. He also advocated anti-Germany during World War I. During the October Revolution of 1918, he formed a cabinet at the king's command, but the revolution progressed, and a republic was declared in November, and he became president the following January. However, seeing that the Socialist-Communist government that was established in March following his own failure to conclude a peace treaty would also collapse, he fled the country in July. He then traveled around Europe and the United States, gaining fame. Returning to the United States after World War II, he became ambassador to France in 1947. He resigned from his post following the Reik trial in 1949, and spent the rest of his life in France.

[Ieda Osamu]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

ハンガリーの政治家。重農主義派の指導者である父シャーンドルと独立派の指導者アポニ・アルベルトとの影響下に育つ。1899年にブダペスト大学法科を卒業後、貴族院終身議員として政界に入る。1901年自由党入党。05年選挙を機に独立党入党、13年に再統一された独立党の党首となり、親仏的活動を展開。第一次世界大戦中も反独を主張した。18年十月革命のなかで国王の命で組閣をするが、革命は進展し、11月に共和国宣言が出され、翌年1月に大統領に就任した。しかし、自らの講和条約締結失敗を受けて3月に成立した社共政権も倒壊するとみると、7月に国外に脱出。以後欧米を回り名声を得る。第二次大戦後帰国し、47年に駐仏大使。49年のライク裁判を機に職を辞し、フランスで余生を送った。

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