...This was a natural idea in a world like modern Europe, where countries had close political and cultural relations and there was a lot of movement of people and information. The seeds of this perspective could be seen as early as Goethe in Germany and Madame de Stael in France, but from the mid- to late 19th century, it gradually developed into an independent academic field of study. The Danish G. Brandes's "Main Trends in 19th Century Literature" (1872-90), the British HM Posnett's "Comparative Literature" (1886), and the German M. Koch's founding of the "Journal of Comparative Literature" (1887) were some of the pioneers of this field, but France was the center of it all, and F. Bruntier, a leading scholar of French literature at the time, energetically advocated the idea of a pan-European international literary history. His student, Joseph Texte (1865-1900), wrote the first doctoral dissertation in the field of comparative literature, "J. J. Rousseau and the Origins of Literary Cosmopolitanism" (1895), and in 1896 he became the first professor of comparative literature at the University of Lyon. At this point, comparative literature as an academic study was officially recognized and established. *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Texte, J." are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…これは,近代ヨーロッパのように諸国が密接な政治的・文化的交流関係にあり,人々や情報の往来も盛んな世界では当然の発想であり,早くはドイツのゲーテ,フランスのスタール夫人らにそうした視野の芽生えがみられるが,やがて19世紀中葉から後半に入ると,しだいに独立した学問研究へと発展していった。デンマークのG.ブランデスの《19世紀文学の主潮》(1872‐90),イギリスのH.M.ポズネットの《比較文学》(1886),ドイツのM.コッホの《比較文学雑誌》創刊(1887)などはその先駆であるが,なかでも中心となったのはフランスで,当時のフランス文学研究の大家F.ブリュンティエールは全欧的国際文学史の構想を精力的に提唱,その弟子にあたるテクストJoseph Texte(1865‐1900)は比較文学畑における最初の学位論文《J.J.ルソーと文学的コスモポリティスムの起源》(1895)を著し,1896年にはリヨン大学に創設された最初の比較文学専門講座の教授に就任した。ここにほぼ学問研究としての比較文学は公認,確立されたといえる。… ※「Texte,J.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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