…In the Byzantine Empire, basileus was used to mean emperor. (3) The root kun in the Old Icelandic konungr, Old English cyning, Modern English king, Modern German König, etc., means 〈lineage〉 or 〈family〉, as is evident from the Gothic kuni. In this case, the king means the person who represents the lineage and is its head. … From the Clan System ... Words of the same family as Anglo-Saxon sib, Old High German sippa, and Gothic sibja are used today as terms meaning clans, along with the Celtic word clan (English sib, German Sippe), but their original meaning is unclear. Rather, it is thought that the Germanic people themselves used words meaning clans, such as Gothic kuni, Old North European and Anglo-Saxon kyn (English kin), and Middle High German künne, which are in the same family as Sanskrit ganas, Greek genos, and Latin gens, which are derived from the primitive Indo-European root gan, and that the word kuning (German König), which later meant "king," originally meant clan or tribal chief. *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "König" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…ビザンティン帝国ではバシレウスbasileusが皇帝の意味で用いられた。(3)古代アイスランド語のkonungr,古代英語のcyning,現代英語のking,現代ドイツ語のKönigなどの語幹kunは,たとえばゴート語kuniからも明らかなように,〈家系〉〈家族〉を意味する。すなわちこの場合,王とは,家系を代表し,その長たる者を意味する。… 【氏族制度】より… なおアングロ・サクソン語のシブsib,古高ドイツ語のジッパsippa,ゴート語のシブヤsibjaなどの系統の語は,ケルト語系のクランclanの語とならんで,こんにち氏族を意味する術語として用いられているが(英語sib,ドイツ語ジッペSippe),その本来の意味は明確ではない。むしろ,原始インド・ヨーロッパ語の語根ganに由来するサンスクリットのガナスganas,ギリシア語のゲノスgenos,ラテン語のゲンスgensなどと同系統の,ゴート語のクニkuni,古代北ヨーロッパ語やアングロ・サクソン語のキンkyn(英語のキンkin),中高ドイツ語のキュンネkünneなどの中に,ゲルマン人自身が氏族を意味したことばがあって,後日〈国王〉を意味するクニングkuning(ドイツ語ケーニヒKönig)の語は,もと氏族長あるいは部族長を意味したものではないかという。 ※「König」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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