Patan (English spelling)

Japanese: パータン(英語表記)Patan
Patan (English spelling)
A city in the northern part of Gujarat, western India. It is located on the lowlands along the Saraswati River between the Aravalli Mountains and the Gulf of Cambay. It was the capital of the Chavada and Chaulukya (Solanki) dynasties from 720 to 1242, but was destroyed by Mahmud of the Ghazni dynasty in 1024. It is a trading center for agricultural products, and has developed industries such as spinning, cotton weaving, embroidery, woodcarving, and ivory carving. Hand-woven silk is considered the finest in India and is used for colorful and intricately designed ceremonial saris called patola. There are several higher education institutions, including Hemachandra North Gujarat University, which commemorates the 12th century Jain scholar Hemachandra, and a medical university. Tourism resources include the 11th century Rani ki Vav (Queen's Stepwell), which was registered as a World Heritage Site in 2014. It is said that the construction of this huge structure was commissioned by Queen Udayamati of the Chaulukya dynasty in 1060 to commemorate her husband, the king, and is 64m deep and 20m wide. It was hit by a devastating flood near the end of its construction and was buried under mud and sand for nearly 1,000 years, but excavations and restoration of the structure were carried out in the 1980s. The topmost pillars that were exposed after the flood were used as components for the nearby Bahadur Singh ki Vav, built in the 18th century. Population: 133,737 (2011).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
インド西部,グジャラート州北部の都市。アラバリ山脈とカンベイ湾に挟まれたサラスワティー川沿いの低地に位置する。720~1242年にはチャバダ朝およびチャウルキヤ朝(ソーランキー朝)の首都であったが,その間の 1024年にガズニー朝のマフムードによって破壊された。農作物の取り引きの中心地で,紡績,綿織物,刺繍,木彫りや象牙彫刻などの産業が発達している。手織りの絹はインドで最高級とされ,パトラ patolaと呼ばれる色鮮やかで複雑なデザインの儀式用サリーに使われる。12世紀のジャイナ教の学者ヘーマチャンドラを記念するヘーマチャンドラ・ノース・グジャラート大学や医科大学をはじめいくつかの高等教育機関がある。観光資源としては,2014年に世界遺産に登録された 11世紀建造のラニ・キ・バブ Rani ki Vav(王妃の階段井戸)がある。これは 1060年頃にチャウルキヤ朝の王妃であったウダヤマティが,王である夫を追悼するために建設を依頼したものといわれ,奥行 64m,幅 20mの巨大なものである。完成間近に破滅的な洪水に見舞われ,1000年近く泥や砂の下に埋もれていたが,1980年代に発掘調査や構造物の修復が行なわれた。洪水後に露出していた最上部の柱は,18世紀につくられた近隣のバハードゥル・シン・キ・バブ Bahadur Singh ki Vavの部材に使用されていた。人口 13万3737(2011)。

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