A device that collects electricity through friction or electrostatic induction. The first electromotive machine, which created static electricity by rubbing sulfur spheres, was created by O. Guericke around 1660. The first simple device using electrostatic induction was the electrophoretic plate, invented by A. Volta in 1775. In this device, a metal plate with an insulating rod attached is pressed against a charged ebonite plate, which is grounded and then pulled away, allowing electricity to be extracted from the metal plate. Devices that can continuously extract charge and generate high voltage include the Wimshurst electromotive machine and the Van de Graaff device. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
摩擦または静電誘導により電気を集める装置。硫黄球を摩擦して静電気をつくる起電機は,1660年頃に O.ゲーリケによって最初につくられた。静電誘導による簡単な装置は,1775年 A.ボルタによって考案された電気盆が最初である。これは帯電したエボナイト板に,絶縁棒のついた金属板を押しつけ,一度接地してから引離すと,金属板に電気が取出せる。連続的に電荷を取出し,高電圧を得るものに,ウィムズハーストの起電機,バン・デ・グラーフの装置などがある。
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