...They had strict customary laws regarding buying, selling, borrowing, inheritance, water rights, and procedures for settling disputes, but they did not have a political organization or chieftaincy to unify the entire society. The so-called Kindred, consisting of relatives up to third cousins on the paternal and maternal sides, played an important role in daily life, agricultural ceremonies, and headhunting and conflicts, which were once frequent. According to their religious beliefs, the world is divided into five parts: the sky, the earth, the underworld, the upstream, and the downstream, and there are more than 1,000 named gods and spirits that exist in a fairly well-ordered hierarchy. *Some of the terminology that refers to "Kindred" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…売買,貸借,相続,水の権利,および紛争処理の手続などに関する厳格な慣習法を持つが,社会全体を統合する政治組織や首長は存在しなかった。父方,母方の第3イトコまでの親族によって構成されるいわゆるキンドレッドが,日々の生活,農耕儀礼,そしてかつて頻繁に行われた首狩りや紛争などに際して重要な機能を有した。彼らの宗教観念によれば,天空,地上,地下,川上,川下の五つに世界は分かれ,名前を持つものだけでも1000以上といわれる神々や諸精霊が,かなり整然としたヒエラルヒーをもって存在している。… ※「キンドレッド」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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