Holzbauer, I. (English spelling) HolzbauerI

Japanese: Holzbauer,I.(英語表記)HolzbauerI
Holzbauer, I. (English spelling) HolzbauerI

...The court orchestra, which was made up of particularly excellent musicians, boasted the most orderly performance ability in Europe at the time, with unified bowing and flexible dynamics, and made a great contribution to the development of orchestral performance and sinfonia (symphonies). The orchestra produced many outstanding composers and performers, including Stamitz, a Czech born musician who nurtured the orchestra, Franz Xaver Richter (1709-89), Ignaz Holzbauer (1711-83), Cannabich, and Stamitz's sons Karl and Anton. The so-called Mannheim style is characterized by the famous crescendo effect and sudden contrasts in volume, a short descending motif of a second called the "sighing motive" and a powerful ascending arpeggio motif called "raketen" (fireworks), free-flowing melodic lines, contrasting themes, a four-movement symphony with a minuet in the third movement, and the introduction of the clarinet (though these are not necessarily of Mannheim origin).

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Holzbauer, I." is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…とくに優秀な楽員を集めたその宮廷楽団は,統一されたボーイングと自在な強弱法など,当時の欧州随一の整然とした演奏能力を誇り,オーケストラ演奏とシンフォニア(交響曲)の発展に多大の貢献をした。この宮廷楽団を育成したチェコ出身のシュターミツをはじめ,リヒターFranz Xaver Richter(1709‐89),ホルツバウアーIgnaz Holzbauer(1711‐83),さらにカンナビヒ,シュターミツの息子カールおよびアントンら,優れた作曲家,演奏家が輩出した。いわゆるマンハイム様式は,有名なクレッシェンド効果と音量の急激な対比,〈ため息の動機〉と呼ばれる2度下行する短い音型や〈ラケーテン(打上げ花火)〉と呼ばれる勢いよく上行する分散和音の音型,のびのびとした旋律線,主題対比,メヌエットを第3楽章に置く交響曲の4楽章制,クラリネットの導入などを特徴とする(ただしこれらは必ずしもマンハイム起源のものではない)。…

※「Holzbauer,I.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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