Hawke, R.

...However, the shady circumstances of the government coming to power after the ``constitutional crisis of 1975,'' as well as Fraser's arrogance, continued to earn him unpopularity in the press, and in order to deal with the international economic downturn following the rise in oil prices in 1979, the government abandoned its previous tightening measures and switched to a policy of stimulating the domestic economy from around 1981.As a result, the government reverted to the worst situation, with both the annual inflation rate and the unemployment rate once again exceeding 10%, and in March 1983, it lost its fourth general election, bringing to an end the second-longest-running government after the Menzies government.
[From a long-term Labour government to a Conservative government]
The Labor government that replaced him was led by Prime Minister Robert Hawke, a Jewish politician with strong populist charisma who had long served as chairman of the Australian Council of Trade Unions (ACTU), the equivalent of Japan's Sohyo. He became Prime Minister just over a month after becoming leader of the party's parliamentary group. However, with a budget deficit of 1 billion Australian dollars left by the previous government, he was pressed to revive the economy, devaluing the Australian dollar by 10% and holding an "economic summit" of representatives of government, labor, business and consumers. In order to avoid repeating the mistakes of the idealistic Whitlam government, he even took on a more conservative side than the previous conservative government.

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Hawke, R." is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…しかし〈1975年の憲法危機〉を経ての政権成立という，後ろ暗い事情，さらにフレーザーの傲岸さなどが新聞関係者の不評を買い続けた上に，79年の石油値上げ以降の国際経済不況に対処するため，81年ころから従来の引締策を棄て国内経済刺激政策に転じた結果，再び年間インフレ率，次いで失業率ともに10％を超えるという最悪の事態に逆戻りし，83年3月，4度目の総選挙に敗れ，メンジーズ政権に次いで2番目に長い政権の幕を閉じた。
［労働党の長期政権から保守政権へ］
　代わって登場した労働党政権のホークRobert Hawke首相は，長く日本の総評にあたるオーストラリア労働組合評議会(ACTU)の議長を務めてきた大衆的カリスマ性の強いユダヤ系の政治家で，党議員団リーダーになってわずか1ヵ月余りで首相の座に就いた。しかし前政権が残した10億オーストラリア･ドルの財政赤字を抱え，オーストラリア･ドルの10％切下げ，政･労･資そして消費者各代表による〈経済サミット〉開催など，経済立直しに追われ，理想主義的だったホイットラム政権の轍を踏まないためにも，むしろ前保守政権より保守的な側面すら打ち出した。…

※「Hawke，R.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報