ḥarfūsh (English spelling) harfush

Japanese: ḥarfūsh(英語表記)harfush
ḥarfūsh (English spelling) harfush

… [Kinya Abe]
[Islamic Society]
The Qur'an repeatedly exhorts believers to "spend their wealth on their relatives, orphans, the poor, travelers, beggars, and the liberation of slaves." For this reason, voluntary charity (sadaqa) for beggars (ṣu'lūk, ḥarfūsh) and the poor (fakir) was encouraged in Islamic society, and giving alms was considered a good deed for the afterlife. Beggars who gathered at mosques were allowed to spend the night under the eaves of the entrance, and it became customary for believers to give appropriate alms to these beggars after their prayers.

*Some of the glossaries that mention "ḥarfūsh" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…【阿部 謹也】
[イスラム社会]
 コーランは信者に対して〈その財産を,近親者,孤児,貧者,旅人,物乞い,奴隷の解放のために費やす〉べきことを繰り返し説いている。そのためイスラム社会ではこじき(スールークṣu‘lūk,ハルフーシュḥarfūsh)や貧者(ファキール)に対する自発的な喜捨(サダカ)が奨励され,施しは来世のために善行を積むことになるとみなされた。モスクに集まるこじきには入口のひさしで夜を過ごすことが認められ,礼拝を済ませた信者は,これらのこじきに相応の施しをすることが慣例となった。…

※「ḥarfūsh」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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