Osaka Prefecture - Osaka

Japanese: 大阪[府] - おおさか

A prefecture in the central west of the Kinki region. The prefectural capital is Osaka City. It covers an area of 1,905.14 ^km2 . It has a population of 8,865,245 (2010). [History] It is made up of two provinces, Kawachi and Izumi, which belong to the Kinai region, and the eastern part of Settsu. It was developed long ago, and on the Kamimachi Plateau (Osaka city), which was called Naniwa, Emperor Nintoku's Naniwa Takatsu Palace and Emperor Kotoku's Naniwa Nagara Toyosaki Palace were built. In the Middle Ages, Sakai flourished as an autonomous port city, and in the early modern period, Toyotomi Hideyoshi built Osaka Castle and developed the castle town. After the abolition of the feudal domains and the establishment of prefectures, Sakai Prefecture was combined with Nara Prefecture, and the current prefectural boundaries were established in 1887. In April 2006, Sakai City became a designated city. [Nature] The Osaka Plain, formed by the sedimentation of the Yodo River and Yamato River, spreads across the center, and is surrounded by the Nose Mountains and the Tamba Highlands to the north, the Ikoma and Kongo Mountains to the east, and the Izumi Mountains to the south. It faces Osaka Bay to the west. The edges of the Osaka Plain are hilly plateaus such as the Senri Hills, Kawaizumi Hills, and Hirakata Plateau, which border the mountains. It has a Seto Inland Sea climate, and due to its warm climate and little rainfall, there are many irrigation reservoirs. [Industry] The population composition by industry is 0.6% primary, 26.2% secondary, and 70.7% tertiary (2005), and as urbanization centered on Osaka City spreads to the surrounding areas, agriculture and forestry have declined. The areas along the coast of Osaka Bay and on both sides of the Yodo River belong to the Hanshin Industrial Zone, where various industries such as spinning, textiles, machinery, electrical equipment, steel, metals, chemicals, publishing and printing, and foodstuffs have developed. In addition, the Sakai-Semboku coastal industrial zone is home to the steel, petrochemical, and shipbuilding industries, and the development of Rinku Town across from Kansai International Airport is underway, with efforts to promote the region by attracting foreign companies. It forms a metropolitan area that includes Kyoto and Kobe, and rivals the Tokyo Metropolitan Area as the administrative, economic, and cultural center of the western half of Honshu. Towels, rubber products, brushes, knives, rugs, and alcoholic beverages are also produced thriving. There are tourist attractions and historical sites such as Meiji-no-mori Minoh Quasi-National Park, Kongo-Ikoma-Kisen Quasi-National Park, Chihaya Castle Ruins, Emperor Nintoku's Mausoleum, Emperor Ojin's Mausoleum, and Osaka Castle. [Transportation] Osaka City is the center of the Tokaido Main Line, the Shinkansen, the Kansai Main Line, the Hanwa Line, the Katamachi Line, the Osaka Loop Line, the Osaka Higashi Line, and the Osaka Municipal Subway. Private railways such as the Hankyu, Hanshin, Keihan, Kintetsu, Nankai, and the Semboku Rapid Railway are also well developed, connecting the entire prefecture and major cities, satellite cities, and tourist destinations in neighboring prefectures. The Meishin Expressway, the Hanshin Expressway, the Chugoku, Kinki, Nishi-Meihan, and Hanwa Expressways also run through the city, and there is Osaka Port in Osaka City, and Osaka International Airport on the border with Hyogo Prefecture. In September 1994, Kansai International Airport opened in Osaka Bay, and the Kansai Airport Expressway connects the airport to the Hanwa Expressway.
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Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

近畿地方中央西部の府。府庁所在地は大阪市。1905.14km²。886万5245人（2010）。〔沿革〕　畿内に属する河内国，和泉国の２国，摂津国の東部からなる。開発は古く，難波(なにわ)とよばれた上町台地（大阪市街）には仁徳天皇の難波高津宮孝徳天皇の難波長柄(ながら)豊碕宮などが造営された。中世には自治港市堺が栄え，近世には豊臣秀吉により大坂（阪）城築城と城下町の整備が行われた。廃藩置県で多くの藩県に分かれた後，堺県を合わせ奈良県を分離して1887年，現在の府域が確定。2006年４月，堺市が政令指定都市となる。〔自然〕　淀川，大和川の堆積作用で形成された大阪平野が中央に広がり，北の能勢(のせ)山地，丹波高地，東の生駒山地，金剛山地，南の和泉山脈に囲まれている。西は大阪湾に臨む。大阪平野の縁辺は千里丘陵，河泉丘陵，枚方(ひらかた)台地などの丘陵台地となって山地に接する。瀬戸内式気候を呈し，温暖少雨のため灌漑(かんがい)用貯水池が多い。〔産業〕　産業別人口構成は第１次0.6％，第２次26.2％，第３次70.7％（2005）で，大阪市を核とする都市化が周辺に及び，農林業は衰微。大阪湾沿岸と淀川両岸の地域は阪神工業地帯に属し，紡績，織物，機械，電機，鉄鋼，金属，化学，出版・印刷，食料品など各種工業が発達する。また，堺・泉北臨海工業地帯には鉄鋼，石油化学，造船業などが進出，関西国際空港の対岸部にはりんくうタウンの整備が進められ，外国企業の誘致など地域振興がはかられている。京都，神戸を含む大都市圏を形成し，本州西半部の行政・経済・文化の中心として首都圏と拮抗している。タオル，ゴム製品，ブラシ，刃物，敷物，酒類などの生産も盛ん。明治の森箕面(みのお)国定公園，金剛生駒紀泉国定公園，千早城跡，仁徳陵，応神陵，大坂城などの観光地，史跡がある。〔交通〕　大阪市を中心に東海道本線・新幹線，関西本線，阪和線，片町線，大阪環状線，おおさか東線，大阪市営地下鉄が延び，阪急，阪神，京阪，近鉄，南海，泉北高速鉄道などの各私鉄の路線の発達も著しく，府下一円および近隣府県の主要都市，衛星都市，観光地を結んでいる。名神高速道路，阪神高速道路，中国・近畿・西名阪・阪和各自動車道も通じ，大阪市に大阪港，兵庫県境に大阪国際空港があり，1994年９月大阪湾内に関西国際空港が開港，関西空港自動車道が空港と阪和自動車道を結んでいる。
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