"Kamakura Hiji" - Kamakura Hiji

Japanese: 《鎌倉比事》 - かまくらひじ

… [Yuzo Oda]
[Tradition and creation]
Fujitsuna appears in literature and theater as a great judge, and many anecdotes have been passed down. He is famous for one story in Volume 35 of the Taiheiki, in which he stood up for himself in a trial over a manor, did not hesitate to show his authority, and ruled the regent losing the case; he also dropped 10 mon in the Nameri River in Kamakura, and then went looking for a 50 mon torch, which he used to benefit the country. His legend as a great judge continued to be told in the Edo period, and was written into stories that were based on trials by the Hojo regent, such as Kamakura Hikoto (Ukiyo-zoshi, written by Gekkin-do, published in 1708). Kyokutei Bakin's reading book Aoto Fujitsuna Moriyoan (published 1811-12) borrowed Fujitsuna's name and created a work in the style of a mystery novel, based on Japanese and Chinese tales of public lawsuits, including a story that is common to the Ooka trial.

From "Tangyin Comparison"

…Published under the same title in five volumes during the Kan'ei era (1624-44), it was well received as the first court case novel and had a great influence. It was followed by Ihara Saikaku's Honcho Sakurain Hikoto, Gekjindo's Kamakura Hikoto, and the anonymous Nihon Toin Hikoto, and inspired Kyokutei Bakin's Aoto Fujitsuna Moryoan and the storytelling book Ooka Seidan. It can be said to be the origin of Japanese detective novels. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that refer to "Kamakura Hitogata" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…【小田雄三】
［伝承と作品化］
　藤綱は名裁判官として文学や演劇に登場し，さまざまな逸話が伝えられている。荘園にまつわる裁判に，一人理を主張して執権の威をはばからず，執権の敗訴を裁定したこと，鎌倉の滑川（なめりかわ）に銭10文を落とし，50文のたいまつを求めてこれを探し，天下の利とした逸話など，《太平記》巻三十五によって名高く，名裁判官としての伝承は，江戸期にも語りつがれ，《鎌倉比事》(月尋堂著の浮世草子，1708刊)など，北条執権の裁判に仮託した物語に書きつがれた。曲亭馬琴作の読本《青砥藤綱模稜案（もりようあん）》(1811‐12刊)は，藤綱の名を借り，和漢の公事訴訟譚を基礎に推理小説風の展開で作品化，これには大岡裁きに共通する説話をも含む。…

【棠陰比事】より

…同じ題名で，寛永年間(1624‐44)に5巻本で刊行，最初の裁判小説として好評を博し，多大の影響を与えた。井原西鶴の《本朝桜陰比事》をはじめ，月尋堂の《鎌倉比事》，作者不明の《日本桃陰比事》と続き，曲亭馬琴の《青砥藤綱模稜案》，講談本の《大岡政談》を生むきっかけとなった。日本の探偵小説の祖ともいうべきものである。…

※「《鎌倉比事》」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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