Kroll, WJ

Japanese: Kroll,W.J.(英語表記)KrollWJ
Kroll, WJ

In 1925, Dutchman AEVan Arkel produced relatively pure titanium by pyrolysis of titanium iodide, and it was found to have excellent properties. Since then, much research has been done, but it has been difficult to obtain the elemental metal because titanium easily combines with oxygen, nitrogen, and moisture in the air at high temperatures. In 1940, German scientist WJ Kroll (1889-1973) invented the magnesium reduction method of titanium chloride ( TiCl4 ), known as the Kroll process, and metallic titanium with low carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen content began to be used industrially.
[Existence]
Formerly classified as a rare element, titanium is abundant in the earth's crust and is distributed widely, accounting for about 0.6% of titanium in soil as titanium dioxide (IV) TiO2 .

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Kroll, WJ" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…1925年,オランダのファン・アルケルA.E.Van Arkelがヨウ化チタンの熱分解法で比較的純粋なチタンをつくり,きわめてすぐれた性質をもつことが明らかにされてから,多くの研究が重ねられたが,高温で酸素や窒素,空気中の水分と結合しやすいため単体金属を得ることは困難であった。40年ドイツのクロルW.J.Kroll(1889‐1973)が塩化チタン(IV) TiCl4のマグネシウム還元法,いわゆるクロル法を発明してから,炭素,窒素および酸素の含有量の少ない金属チタンが工業的に利用されるようになった。
[存在]
 古くは希元素に分類されていたが,地殻中の存在度が高く,しかもきわめて広く分布し,土壌中には酸化チタン(IV) TiO2として約0.6%含まれている元素である。…

※「Kroll,W.J.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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