Werewolf - Wolf Man

Japanese: 狼男 - おおかみおとこ
Werewolf - Wolf Man

The story is about a normal human during the day who transforms into a wolf at night and attacks humans and livestock. It is widely handed down throughout Europe, especially in Eastern Europe. The legend of a werewolf, a human who transforms into a wolf, dates back to ancient Greece and Rome. The wolf is transformed by the light of the full moon and wanders around mainly in search of human blood and meat, but returns to human at dawn. The trigger for the transformation can be classified into two types: one is by one's own will, and one is by an external force that is independent of the person's will. In the former case, the person transforms by wearing a wolf fur, reciting a special spell, or eating the meat of livestock killed by a wolf, which is considered forbidden. In the latter case, the person is often turned into a wolf by a witch's magic, and there are stories of people being cursed and turned into a wolf because they refused a marriage proposal from a witch or did not invite a witch to their wedding. There are many stories about wolves in our country, but there are no stories about werewolves. This is something that mainly happens in European countries.

[Junichi Nomura]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

昼間は普通の人間が、夜間に狼に変身し人間や家畜などを襲う話で、東ヨーロッパを中心にヨーロッパ各地に広く伝承されている。人狼(じんろう)werewolfといって人間が狼に変身する伝説は、古くギリシア・ローマの時代までさかのぼる。満月の光によって狼に変身し、おもに人の血や肉を求めてさまよい歩くが、夜明けとともに人間に戻る。変身のきっかけは、自分の意志による場合と、本人の意志を離れて外部からの力による場合の二つに分類できる。前者は狼の毛皮を身につけるとか、特殊な呪文(じゅもん)を唱える、あるいは、食べてはならぬとされている、狼に殺された家畜の肉を食べて変身する。後者は、魔女の呪術によって狼にされる場合が多く、魔女からの求婚を断ったとか、結婚式に魔女を招待しなかったために呪(のろ)いをかけられ、狼にされた話などがある。狼にまつわる話はわが国にも多く伝承されているが、狼男の話はない。おもにヨーロッパ諸国に行われる話である。

[野村純一]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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