Gasnier, L.

Japanese: Gasnier,L.(英語表記)GasnierL
Gasnier, L.

...Then, "Zigoma" (1911), which had a great influence on Japan, was also made by Jassé (action film). Louis Gasnier (1882-1962), who created a series of serials starring Pearl White, who was hailed as the "Queen of Serials," and who became the founder of American serials, was also the first director of the American branch of Pathé. Thus, it is clear that it was the French who created serials in the history of world cinema. These serials, especially Feuillade's works, are livened up by "fragments of life" shot entirely on location, and Iijima Tadashi also points out in his book "Avant-garde Film Theory and Avant-garde Art" (1970) how important it is in film history that these serials maintained the lifeblood of realism that was lacking in "Films d'Art," which was shot on a stage set.

From the TV series

…American serials were linked to newspaper fiction and were supported by daily newspapers, which competed to publish novels that could be adapted into films on weekends. In order to overpower the Hearst-affiliated Chicago American, the Chicago Tribune teamed up with William Selig, who had created the first Hollywood studio in 1909, to produce America's first serial, The Perils of Pauline (1913), a 15-episode series starring the "fearless girl" Kathleen Williams, which was shown in 13 parts from January to May 1914. Meanwhile, the Chicago American teamed up with Pathé to release the 20-episode adventure melodrama The Perils of Pauline (1914), starring Pearl White (1889-1938) and directed by Louis Gasnier (1878-1963), from April to December. The phenomenal success of "Pauline's Peril" led Pathé, which planned to produce six serials a year, to follow up with a hit with "The Fist (Hélène's Honor)" (1915), starring White, and other companies began competing to produce serials.

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Gasnier, L." is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…次いで日本にも大きな影響を及ぼした《ジゴマ》(1911)がやはりジャッセの手でつくられる(活劇映画)。また〈連続活劇の女王〉とうたわれたパール・ホワイト主演の一連のシリーズをつくってアメリカの連続活劇の創始者となったルイ・ガスニエLouis Gasnier(1882‐1962)もパテー映画社のアメリカ支社の初代監督であり,このように世界映画史において連続活劇を生み出したのはフランス人であったことがわかる。これらの連続活劇,とくにフイヤード作品には,オール・ロケによる〈生活の断片〉が画面をいきいきとさせており,舞台のセットで撮影された〈フィルム・ダール〉に欠けていたリアリズムの命脈を,この連続活劇によって保持したことがいかに映画史的に重要であるかは,飯島正もその著《前衛映画理論と前衛芸術》(1970)において指摘しているところである。…

【連続活劇】より

…アメリカの連続活劇は新聞小説と結びつき,日刊新聞に支援されたことにその特色があり,新聞は週末にはその映画化が見られる小説を競って掲載する。《シカゴ・トリビューン》はハースト系の《シカゴ・アメリカン》を圧倒するため,1909年にハリウッドで最初の撮影所をつくったウィリアム・セーリグと手を結び,〈恐れを知らない娘〉カスリーン・ウィリアムズ主演で15のエピソードからなるアメリカ最初の連続活劇《カスリーンの冒険》(1913)を製作,14年1月から5月まで13編に分割上映し,一方,《シカゴ・アメリカン》はパテー社と結び,パール・ホワイトPearl White(1889‐1938)主演,ルイ・ガスニエLouis Gasnier(1878‐1963)監督の20のエピソードからなる冒険メロドラマ《ポーリンの危難The Perils of Pauline》(1914)を4月から12月にわたって公開して対抗した。この《ポーリンの危難》の驚異的な成功により,年6本の連続活劇の製作を計画したパテー社は,つづいてホワイト主演の《拳骨(エレーヌの勲功)》(1915)をヒットさせ,各社は競って連続活劇をつくることとなった。…

※「Gasnier,L.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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