A sulfide mineral found in low to high temperature hydrothermal vein deposits, contact metasomatic deposits (skarn deposits), fumarolic sedimentary deposits including kuroko deposits, copper-bearing iron sulfide deposits, and certain pneumatic deposits. It is the most common copper ore mineral. It is said to be one of the sulfide minerals with the greatest variety of coexisting minerals. Under surface conditions, it slowly decomposes and changes into higher quality copper sulfide minerals and bornite, as well as malachite, adzeite, brochantite, and malachite, which are mainly composed of cupric ions (Cu 2+ ). Ithomorphous crystals are varied but rare. They can be three-dimensional, close to a regular octahedron, or a thick plate of a right-angled isosceles triangle commonly known as triangular copper, or they can appear as oblique columns. They appear similar to pyrite, but are less hard and their striations are slightly greenish. When exposed to moist air on the surface, they often produce iridescent rust. They show little change in chemical composition or composition. Some are slightly poorer in sulfur than the ideal value, and those produced under high temperature and pressure conditions contain only selenium-containing varieties, with some containing a small amount of nickel. Similar species of Cu-Fe-S ternary minerals, such as talnaphite, mooihoekite, haycockite, and putoranite, are known as phases close to high-temperature chalcopyrite produced in laboratory experiments and slightly deficient in sulfur. There are many sources in Japan, but the most well-studied are the varied crystals from the Arakawa Mine (closed), Kyowa-cho, Senboku-gun, Akita Prefecture (now Kyowa, Daisen City), the fine crystals from the Ashio Mine (closed), Ashio-cho, Kamitsuga-gun, Tochigi Prefecture (now Ashio-cho, Nikko City), and the Ani Mine (closed), Ani-cho, Kitaakita-gun, Akita Prefecture (now Ani, Kitaakita City). The English name is a combination of the Greek words chalkos (copper) and pyr (flash). [Akira Kato January 19, 2016] [References] | | | | | | | [Additional information] |From Kishu mine, Mie Prefecture ©Shogakukan "> Chalcopyrite Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
低~高温の熱水鉱脈鉱床、接触交代鉱床(スカルン型鉱床)、黒鉱鉱床を含む噴気性堆積(たいせき)鉱床、含銅硫化鉄鉱床中、ある種の気成鉱床などに産する硫化鉱物。もっとも一般的な銅の鉱石鉱物。硫化鉱物中もっとも多種の共存鉱物をもつものの一つといわれる。 地表条件で徐々に分解され、より品位の高い硫化銅鉱物や斑(はん)銅鉱などに変化するほか、第二銅イオン(Cu2+)を主成分とするくじゃく石・藍(らん)銅鉱・ブロシャン銅鉱・珪(けい)くじゃく石などが形成される。自形結晶は変化に富むがまれである。正八面体に近い立体、俗に三角銅とよばれている直角二等辺三角形台厚板状のものや、一見斜方柱状のものもある。外見上は黄鉄鉱に類似するが、硬度が低く、条痕(じょうこん)はやや緑色味を帯びる。地表で水分を含んだ空気にさらされると虹(にじ)色の錆(さび)を生ずることが多い。化学成分変化も化学組成変化も乏しい。理想値よりやや硫黄(いおう)に乏しいものがあり、高温高圧条件下で生成されたものでは、少量のニッケルを含むものがある以外は含セレン変種があるのみ。室内実験でつくられた高温型黄銅鉱に近く、わずかに硫黄に乏しい相として、タルナフ鉱、モオイフーク鉱、ヘイコック鉱、プトラン鉱などの類似種がCu-Fe-S三成分系鉱物に知られている。 日本の産地は多数あるが、秋田県仙北郡協和町(現、大仙(だいせん)市協和)荒川鉱山(閉山)の変化に富む結晶や、栃木県上都賀(かみつが)郡足尾町(現、日光市足尾町)足尾鉱山(閉山)、秋田県北秋田郡阿仁(あに)町(現、北秋田市阿仁)阿仁鉱山(閉山)の良晶はよく研究された。英名はギリシア語のchalkos(銅)とpyr(閃光)の合成による。 [加藤 昭 2016年1月19日] [参照項目] | | | | | | | [補完資料] |三重県 紀州鉱山産©Shogakukan"> 黄銅鉱 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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