Yellow Dog Contract

Japanese: 黄犬契約
Yellow Dog Contract
・Yellow-dog contract
-A yellow dog contract is an employment contract that, when hiring a worker, requires that the worker not join a labor union or withdraw from a labor union.
-This would amount to a denial of the right to organize, and is therefore prohibited by Article 7 of the Labor Union Law.
- In the 1920s in the United States during the depression, in order to suppress the labor movement, management often made it a condition of employment that workers not join or withdraw from labor unions, and workers who accepted these conditions were called "yellow dogs," hence the name.
-The Yellow Dog Contract was upheld in federal court, but was invalidated in 1932.
- Although yellow dog contracts are prohibited by law in Japan, the country does not take a direct punishment approach and instead takes a restoration of the status quo approach, so some managers may choose to enter into yellow dog contracts with their workers without any hesitation.

Source: Active & Company, Inc. Human Resource Management Glossary Information

Japanese:
・黄犬契約(おうけんけいやく、又はこうけんけいやく) Yellow-dog contract
・黄犬契約とは、労働者を雇用する時に、労働者が労働組合に加入しないことや労働組合から離脱することを条件にした労働契約である。
・これは団結権を否認することになるため、労働組合法7条では、禁止している。
・1920年代、アメリカで恐慌時に経営者が労働運動を弾圧するために、労働者が労働組合に加入しないことや労働組合から脱退することを雇用条件とする方法を多く用い、この条件を呑む労働者を「黄色い犬」と呼んだことからこの名前がついている。
・黄犬契約は、連邦裁判所でも認められていたが1932年には、無効とされた。
・日本では法律上では禁止しているが、直罰主義をとっておらず、現状回復主義を取っているため、経営者によっては平気で黄犬契約を労働者と結んでいる場合もある。

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