...In DNA, the sugar moiety is 2-deoxy-D-ribose, whereas in RNA it is D-ribose. Furthermore, DNA consists of four bases: adenine (abbreviated as A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T), while RNA uses uracil (U) instead of thymine (Figure 2). Both DNA and RNA are macromolecules in which these four bases are arranged in various orders, and in some cases, small amounts of specially modified (e.g., methylated) bases may be present. *Some of the terminology that mentions "cytosine" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…DNAでは糖の部分が2‐デオキシ‐D‐リボース(2‐deoxy‐D‐ribose)であるのに対して,RNAのそれはD‐リボース(D‐ribose)である。さらにDNAの塩基はアデニンadenine(Aと略す),グアニンguanine(G),シトシンcytosine(C),チミンthymine(T)の4種からなるが,RNAの場合はチミンの代りにウラシルuracil(U)が用いられる(図2)。DNAもRNAもこれら4塩基がいろいろな順序で多数配列した巨大分子であり,場合によってはこれら塩基に特殊な修飾の加わった(例えばメチル化された)微量塩基が少量存在することもある。… ※「cytosine」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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