...This also applies to boiling point elevation, which is why it is called a colligative property. When freezing point depression experiments are performed on solvents with known molar depression values, such as water ( K f = 1.860), benzene (5.12), and cyclohexane (20.0), the molar mass of the solute can be determined from the above formula, so this method, called the cryoscopy or freezing point method, once played a major role in determining molecular formulas. When the second component dissolves in the solid phase, the above formula does not hold, and the freezing point of the solvent may rise or fall depending on the value of the freezing point of the second component. ... *Some of the terminology that mentions "cryoscopy" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…このことは沸点上昇についても同様に成立し,束一的性質と呼ばれるゆえんである。水(Kf=1.860),ベンゼン(5.12),シクロヘキサン(20.0)などモル降下の値が既知の溶媒について凝固点降下の実験を行うと,上式より溶質のモル質量を決定することができるので,氷点法cryoscopy,freezing point methodと呼ばれ分子式決定に大きな役割を果たした時代もある。第二成分が固相にも溶け込むときには上式は成立せず,第二成分の凝固点の値により溶媒の凝固点は上昇する場合も降下する場合もある。… ※「cryoscopy」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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