cryoturbation

Japanese: cryoturbation
cryoturbation

...Although the extent of periglacial regions varies depending on the definition, they are estimated to cover 10 to 15 percent of the land area.
[Periglacial landform formation]
The most important frost action in the formation of landforms in periglacial regions is frost shattering (congelifraction) and cryoturbation. The former is the action of breaking off blocks and fragments of rock from the bedrock due to the pressure generated by the water in the joints and pores of rocks freezing and increasing in volume by about 10%, which breaks them down further to form debris.

From [Soil type]

...Due to the poor vegetation of lichens and mosses, the A horizon is poorly developed, and the ice that melts in summer is prevented from draining by the permafrost layer underneath, which causes gleying. Also, in tundra gley soils, the phenomenon of soil layer disintegration due to freezing and thawing (cryoturbation) is active, so peat does not accumulate much. (2) Soil type in the subarctic coniferous forest zone The soil type that typically develops in the boreal coniferous forest (taiga) in the humid cold climate zone is podzol. ...

*Some of the terminology that mentions "cryoturbation" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…定義によって周氷河地域の範囲は一致しないが,陸地面積の10~15%を占めるとみられている。
[周氷河地形形成作用]
 周氷河地域の地形形成作用で最も重要な凍結融解作用frost actionは,〈凍結破砕作用frost shattering,congelifraction〉と〈融凍攪拌(かくはん)作用(クリオタベーション)cryoturbation〉に大別される。前者は,岩石の節理や孔隙中の水が凍るとき体積が約10%増大するために生ずる圧力で,岩盤から岩塊・岩片を剝離させ,それをさらに細片化して岩屑をつくる作用である。…

【土壌型】より

…地衣類やコケ類からなる貧弱な植生のためA層の発達が悪く,夏季に融解する氷は下部に存在する永久凍土層によって排水が妨げられるためグライ化作用が進行する。またツンドラ・グライ土では凍結と融解による土層のかくらん現象(クリオタベーションcryoturbation)が活発なため泥炭の集積はあまり生じない。(2)亜寒帯針葉樹林帯の土壌型 湿潤寒冷気候帯の北方針葉樹林(タイガ)に典型的に発達している土壌型はポドゾルである。…

※「cryoturbation」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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