Community Service Order

Japanese: community service order(英語表記)communityserviceorder
Community Service Order

...Thus, "penal administration" simply means "execution of imprisonment (as a concrete embodiment)." As the content of imprisonment is reduced, discussions are being held on things like commuting to work or school outside the prison, staying out of the prison for a few days for business, and even mandatory parole and intermediate facilities that link in-facility treatment with community treatment. It is becoming possible to envision not only life on parole, but also life on probation and things like community service orders, which are becoming more widespread in the UK and other countries, under the concept of penal administration.
[Development of criminal justice in Europe and the United States]
The practice of housing and working urban vagrants in institutions began in London, England, and Amsterdam, Holland, in the mid-to-late 16th century.

*Some of the terminology referenced in "community service order" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…こうして〈行刑〉は,端的に〈自由刑の(具体化としての)執行〉を意味することになる。そして外部通勤や外部通学,所用のために刑務所を離れる数日間の外泊,さらには施設内処遇と社会内処遇を連結させる必要的仮釈放や中間施設などが議論され,自由刑の刑罰内容が縮小するにつれて,仮釈放中の生活のみならず,保護観察中のものや,現在イギリスなどで広がりつつある地域社会奉仕命令community service orderのようなものも含めて行刑のもとに構想することができるようになってくる。
[欧米における行刑の展開]
 都市に集まる浮浪者群を施設に収容して働かせることが,16世紀半ばから終りにかけて,イギリスのロンドンや,オランダのアムステルダムで始まった。…

※「community service order」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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