Compounds of platinum and chlorine. Compounds with oxidation states II and IV, as well as compounds in which both II and IV coexist, are known. (1) Platinum(II) chloride (platinous chloride) is obtained by heating platinum sponge in chlorine at temperatures between 435 and 581°C. It is a gray-green solid. It can also be obtained by heating platinum(IV) chloride to above 350°C, but this has a different crystal form. When heated with hydrochloric acid, it dissolves and becomes tetrachloroplatinic(II) acid, H 2 PtCl 4. At this time, some of it disproportionates to produce hexachloroplatinic(IV) acid, H 2 PtCl 6 , and platinum. (2) Platinum(IV) chloride (platinic chloride) is obtained by heating hexachloroplatinic(IV) acid hexahydrate in chlorine to 300°C. It is a reddish-brown flat crystal that gradually absorbs water in the air to become a hydrate, gradually changing in quality. The aqueous solution is reduced by hydrogen. It also dissolves in ethanol (ethyl alcohol) and acetone. Note that chloroplatinic acid is sometimes called platinum chloride. [Torii Yasuo] [Supplementary Materials] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
白金と塩素の化合物。酸化数ⅡおよびⅣの化合物と、ⅡとⅣとが共存する化合物が知られている。 (1)塩化白金(Ⅱ)(塩化第一白金) 白金海綿を塩素中で435℃から581℃にわたって加熱すると得られる。灰緑色の固体。塩化白金(Ⅳ)を350℃以上に加熱しても得られるが、これは結晶形が異なっている。塩酸と温めると溶け、テトラクロロ白金(Ⅱ)酸H2PtCl4になる。このとき一部は不均化をおこしヘキサクロロ白金(Ⅳ)酸H2PtCl6と白金を生ずる。 (2)塩化白金(Ⅳ)(塩化第二白金) ヘキサクロロ白金(Ⅳ)酸六水和物を塩素中で300℃に加熱すると得られる。赤褐色の扁平な結晶で、空気中で徐々に水分を吸収して水和物となり、しだいに変質する。水溶液は水素によって還元される。エタノール(エチルアルコール)、アセトンにも溶ける。なお、塩化白金酸のことを塩化白金ということもある。 [鳥居泰男] [補完資料] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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