APRA - APRA

Japanese: APRA - アプラ

Alianza Popular Revolucionaria Americana (American People's Revolutionary Alliance). Founded in 1924 by Aya de la Torre in exile in Mexico City, it was a nationalist movement organization that encompassed Latin America. It advocated anti-Americanism, anti-imperialistism, nationalization of land and industry, and solidarity with oppressed classes and ethnicities. After 1930, it moved its battlefield to Peru as the Peruvian APRA Party, and had a major influence on Latin American nationalist movements, including the Venezuelan Democratic Action Party (AD). Although it lost the 1931 presidential election, it became the most powerful radical populist party in Peru, with the middle class at its core. However, it was in conflict with the military and walked the illegal path for a long time. After World War II, it weakened its anti-American stance, and then, as the leadership became more conservative, it chose to join the government in 1956 by allying with the ruling class. In the 1970s, most of APRA's reform platform was realized by the military revolutionary government (Peruvian Revolution). It was the largest party in the Constitutional Assembly in 1978. After the death of its leader, Aya, a split occurred within the party, but in the 1985 presidential election, Alan Garcia, who clearly adopted a social democratic line, won, and the party came to power for the first time since its founding.
→ Related articles Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement | Belaunde Terry | Peru | Mariategui

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

アメリカ人民革命同盟Alianza Popular Revolucionaria Americanaの略。1924年，メキシコ市で亡命中のアヤ・デ・ラ・トーレによって結成されたラテン・アメリカを包括する民族主義運動組織。反米・反帝国主義，土地と産業の国有化，被抑圧階級・民族との連帯などを綱領として掲げた。1930年以降，ペルー・APRA党として闘争の場をペルーに移したが，ベネズエラの民主行動党（AD）はじめ，ラテン・アメリカの民族主義運動に大きな影響を与えた。1931年大統領選では敗れたが，それ以降中産階級を核としてペルーで最大の組織力をもつ急進的大衆政党となる。しかし軍と対立して長く非合法の道を歩んだ。第２次大戦後は反米の立場を弱め，その後指導層の保守化とあいまって，1956年支配階級との同盟による政権参加の道を選択。1970年代にはAPRAの改革綱領のほとんどが軍事革命政権によって実現された（ペルー革命）。1978年の立憲議会で第一党。党首アヤの死後党内に分裂が起こるが，1985年の大統領選で社会民主主義路線を明確にしたアラン・ガルシアが勝利し，結党以来初めて政権を獲得。
→関連項目トゥパック・アマルー革命運動｜ベラウンデ・テリー｜ペルー｜マリアテギ

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