… From [Cholesterol]…Plasma lipoproteins are classified into four fractions based on their specific gravity. Chylomicrons are lipoproteins that transport dietary triglycerides, cholesterol, etc. from the intestine to adipose tissue and the liver. They are large particles rich in triglycerides and have a light specific gravity. Chylomicrons lose triglyceride molecules in peripheral tissues and become remnant lipoproteins rich in cholesterol, which are taken up by the liver. … From [Lipoprotein (Lipoprotein)]…Although there are insoluble proteins that have fatty acids covalently bonded to the protein portion, such as lipoproteins, which are components of the outer membrane of Escherichia coli, the term generally refers to water-soluble proteins found in plasma, egg yolk, milk, etc. Those in plasma are classified into chylomicrons, very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), low density lipoproteins (LDL), high density lipoproteins (HDL), and very high density lipoproteins (VHDL), in order of decreasing specific gravity, and the lipid and protein composition differs between each. All of them have a structure in which non-polar lipids are located in the center and are surrounded by polar lipids and protein components, contributing to the transport of water-insoluble lipids throughout the body. … *Some of the terminology that mentions "chylomicron" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
… 【コレステロール】より…血漿リポタンパク質は比重の差により四つの分画に分類されている。カイロミクロンchylomicronは食事性のトリグリセリド,コレステロールなどを腸管から脂肪組織と肝臓に運搬するリポタンパク質であり,トリグリセリドに富んだ大粒子で比重は軽い。カイロミクロンはトリグリセリド分子を末梢組織で失い,コレステロールに富んだレムナントリポタンパク質となって肝臓にとり込まれる。… 【リポタンパク質(リポ蛋白質)】より…大腸菌外膜の構成成分であるリポタンパク質のように,タンパク質部分と共有結合で結合した脂肪酸をもつ不溶性タンパク質もあるが,通常は血漿(けつしよう),卵黄,ミルクなどに存在する水溶性のものを指す。血漿中のものは比重の小さいものから,カイロミクロンchylomicron,超低密度リポタンパク質(VLDL),低密度リポタンパク質(LDL),高密度リポタンパク質(HDL),超高密度リポタンパク質(VHDL)に分類され,それぞれの間で脂質,タンパク質組成が異なる。いずれも中心部に非極性脂質をもち,その周囲を極性脂質,タンパク質成分が包む構造をとり,非水溶性の脂質の体内輸送に寄与している。… ※「chylomicron」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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