Private binding

...In the 12th century, schools of bookbinding were established in the monasteries of major cities in England, including London, Winchester, and Durham, where small stamps were used to create various "blind tooling" patterns on leather covers. In the 14th and 15th centuries, papermaking became widespread, and with the invention of movable type printing in the mid-15th century, books could be produced cheaply, leading to a full-scale publishing industry. In addition to the traditional "private binding" (where printed sheets were purchased and bound by the publisher or by a hired bookbinder), "edition binding" (publishers' binding), in which books were bound at the publisher's office and then sold as books, appeared, but it was several centuries before this style became mainstream. Around the 15th century, gold tooling binding was introduced to Europe through the Saracen people, and in England, France, Sweden, Norway and other countries, the hobby of binding became popular among royalty and other upper classes, with bookbinders appointed to the royal household, and some wives of royalty and nobility even designing the covers themselves and embroidering them.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "private binding" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…12世紀になると，イギリスではロンドン，ウィンチェスター，ダラムをはじめ，主要な都市の僧院に製本技術学校が設けられ，革表紙の上に小形の印型を用い，いろいろの〈から押しblind tooling〉模様をつくった。　14～15世紀にかけて製紙術が普及し，15世紀中葉の活版印刷術の発明により，本が安価に製作できるようになったために，出版活動も本格化し，製本も従来の〈個人製本private binding〉(印刷された枚葉紙を買って自分で，あるいはおかかえ製本師により製本する)に加えて，出版所で製本してから本として売られる〈出版所製本edition binding,publishers’ binding〉があらわれたが，それが主流になるのはなお数世紀後であった。また15世紀ころには，サラセンを通じて，金箔押しgold tooling装丁がヨーロッパに紹介され，イギリス，フランス，スウェーデン，ノルウェーなどでは，王族はじめ上流社会に装丁趣味が流行し，王室専属の製本師が任命され，王侯貴族のなかにはみずから表紙の意匠図案をくふうし，表紙に用いる刺繡をする貴族夫人もあらわれた。…

※「private binding」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報