Epidauros - Epidauros (English spelling)

Japanese: エピダウロス - えぴだうろす(英語表記)Epidauros
Epidauros - Epidauros (English spelling)

An ancient city on the eastern coast of the Argos region of the Peloponnese Peninsula in southern Greece. It has been known since ancient times as a sacred place for the worship of the god of medicine, Asclepius. It was originally an Ionian town, but was driven out by the Dorians. Later, as a Dorian polis (city-state), Epidaurus colonized Aegina, the coast of Asia Minor, and neighboring islands, and prospered commercially. However, it began to decline with the rise of Aegina, and by the 6th century BC, most of the commercial activities had been transferred to the hands of the Aeginetans. The state system was originally a monarchy, but was replaced by an aristocracy, and after the expulsion of the tyrant Procles, it continued to maintain an oligarchy. During the Peloponnesian War, it was invaded by Argos, but repelled the invasion. During the Roman period, it became nothing more than a port city with a temple to Asclepius. The ruins of Epidaurus, which include an amphitheater built in the 4th century BC, were registered as a World Heritage Site in 1988 (World Cultural Heritage).

[Kenji Furukawa]

Amphitheater of Epidaurus
An outdoor theater built in the 4th century BC. The stage is about 20m in diameter, and the seating is built on the slope of the hill. It is well preserved and has excellent acoustics, so it is still used for outdoor performances today. Part of the World Heritage Site "Epidaurus, the Sanctuary of Asclepius" (Greece, registered in 1988) Greece, Peloponnese ©Shogakukan ">

Amphitheater of Epidaurus


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ギリシア南部、ペロポネソス半島アルゴリス地方東岸の古代都市。古来、医神アスクレピオス崇拝の聖地として知られていた。初めイオニア人の町であったがドーリス人の侵入によって追われた。その後ドーリス人ポリス(都市国家)としてのエピダウロスは、アイギナ、小アジア沿岸、近隣諸島に植民を行い、商業的繁栄を遂げた。しかしアイギナの興隆によって没落し始め、紀元前6世紀には商業活動はほとんどアイギナ人の手に移った。国制は、当初王政であったが、貴族政にとってかわられ、僭主(せんしゅ)プロクレスの追放後、寡頭政を維持し続けた。ペロポネソス戦争中、アルゴスの侵略を受けたが、これを撃退した。ローマ時代には、アスクレピオス神殿のある港湾都市にすぎなくなってしまった。なお、前4世紀に建てられた円形劇場などが残るエピダウロスの遺跡は1988年に世界遺産の文化遺産として登録されている(世界文化遺産)。

[古川堅治]

エピダウロスの円形劇場
紀元前4世紀に建てられた野外劇場。舞台の直径は約20m、客席は丘の斜面を利用してつくられている。保存状態もよく、音響効果もすぐれているため、現在も野外公演に使用される。世界文化遺産「アスクレピオスの聖地エピダウロス」の一部(ギリシア・1988年登録) ギリシア ペロポネソス半島©Shogakukan">

エピダウロスの円形劇場


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