Actors

Japanese: acteur
Actors


[Around the word "actor"]
The concept of actor as we know it today in Japan is almost entirely an importation of that in modern Western theater. In other words, it is what modern Western terms such as actor in English, acteur or comedien in French, and Schauspieler in German refer to. (Note that the French nuance is that acteur sometimes tends to force one's personality onto a role, while comedians are broader and deeper, able to erase themselves and transform into various roles, and are considered to be superior to acteurs.) Compared to these modern Western concepts, the original meaning of the Chinese word "actor," which came to be used in Japan during the Meiji period as a translation of these Western concepts (see "actor" in a separate entry), and the meaning of the word "wazaogi" (actor) used in ancient Japan, have quite different nuances.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "acteur" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:


[〈俳優〉という言葉の周辺]
 今日の日本でわれわれ知るところの俳優という概念は,ほぼ近代西洋演劇におけるそれの移入であると言ってよい。すなわち,具体的には英語でいえばアクターactor,フランス語でいうとアクトゥールacteurまたはコメディアンcomédien,ドイツ語ではシャウシュピーラーSchauspielerといった近代西洋語の指し示すものがそれに当たる(なおフランス語のニュアンスとしては,アクトゥールがときに自分の人格を役に押しつけ気味なのに対して,コメディアンはもっと広く深く,自分を消してさまざまの役に変身でき,アクトゥールよりまさる者とされたりもしている)。 このような近代西洋語の概念に対して,日本で明治期にそれらの西洋型概念の訳語としても用いられるようになった〈俳優〉という中国語(漢語)が持つそもそもの意味合いや(別項の〈俳優〉参照),あるいは日本古代に用いられた〈わざおぎ(俳優)〉という言葉が意味するところのものは,かなりそのニュアンスを異にしている。…

※「acteur」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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