This is a Jodo sect temple located in Ryogoku, Sumida Ward, Tokyo. Its name is Shoshuzan Muenji. It began when those who died in the Meireki fire (also known as the Furisode fire) in 1657 (Meireki 3) were buried here by order of Shogun Tokugawa Ietsuna, and a temple was built on the mound to enshrine them to the 23rd abbot of Zojoji Temple, Junyo. Since then, all unclaimed Buddhas, including those who drowned, burned, or died of illness in prison in Edo, have been buried here. The principal image is Amida Nyorai, which was created to commemorate the dead from the Meireki fire. During the Edo period, the temple was given the privilege of being exempt from donations as the main temple of the prefecture, and it also became the birthplace of sumo wrestling because it held a Kanjin sumo tournament every year on its grounds. The temple is also famous for its Degaichou (public exhibition of sacred objects of divine power) where it welcomes deities with miraculous powers from all over the country, and the area in front of the temple gate is bustling with attractions. Within the temple grounds are a stone monument from the Great Earthquake of 1855 (Ansei 2), Mizukozuka (Mizukozuka), Chikarazuka (Chikarazuka), and Nekozuka (Nekozuka), and within the cemetery are the graves of Kato Chikage, the Santo Kyoden and Kyozan brothers, and Nezumi Kozo Jirokichi. [Shoji Mori] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
東京都墨田区両国にある浄土宗の寺院。諸宗山無縁寺(むえんじ)と号する。1657年(明暦3)の明暦(めいれき)の大火(振袖(ふりそで)火事ともいう)による焼死者を将軍徳川家綱の命によりここに葬り、増上寺(ぞうじょうじ)第23世遵誉(じゅんよ)に回向させて、塚上に一寺を建立したのを始まりとする。それ以来、江戸府内の水死者、焼死者、あるいは牢(ろう)病死者などすべての無縁仏もここに葬られることとなった。本尊は明暦の大火の死者慰霊のためにつくられた阿弥陀如来(あみだにょらい)。江戸時代には府内総檀家(だんか)として奉加御免の特典が与えられ、境内では毎年勧進(かんじん)相撲を催したため大相撲の発祥の地ともなった。また諸国の霊験ある本尊を迎えて行った出開帳(でがいちょう)は当寺の名物であり、門前では見せ物などが出てにぎわった。境内には、1855年(安政2)の大震災の石塔、水子(みずこ)塚、力塚(ちからづか)、猫塚があり、また墓域には加藤千蔭(かとうちかげ)や山東京伝(さんとうきょうでん)・京山(きょうざん)兄弟、鼠小僧(ねずみこぞう)次郎吉(じろきち)などの墓がある。 [森 章司] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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