Löffler (English spelling) Friedrich August Johannes Löffler

Japanese: レフラー - れふらー(英語表記)Friedrich August Johannes Löffler
Löffler (English spelling) Friedrich August Johannes Löffler

German bacteriologist. After graduating from the University of Würzburg and obtaining his doctorate, he worked in a hospital and as a military doctor before entering the National Institute of Hygiene in 1879 and becoming a disciple of Koch. In 1882, he discovered the equine mallei bacteria, and in 1884, he succeeded in pure culture of the diphtheria bacillus, determining that the causative agent was the bacillus of Krebs, which had already been found in patient specimens. In 1897, together with Paul Frosch (1860-1928), he announced that the causative agent of bovine foot-and-mouth disease was a type of virus, the first report of an animal virus. When Ogata Masanori of Japan studied in Germany, he learned bacteriology techniques under Leffler, since Koch was traveling to Egypt and India. Kitasato Shibasaburo, who also studied in Germany, first interviewed Leffler and became Koch's disciple. After Koch's death in 1910, the State Institute for Infectious Diseases (established in 1891) was renamed the Koch Institute for Infectious Diseases and Leffler became its director.

[Tsunezaburo Fujino]

[References] | Ogata Masanori | Kitasato Shibasaburo | Krebs | Foot-and-mouth disease | Koch | Diphtheria

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ドイツの細菌学者。ウュルツブルク大学を卒業、学位取得後、病院勤務、軍医を経て、1879年国立衛生院に入り、コッホの門下になった。1882年、馬鼻疽(びそ)菌を発見、1884年ジフテリア菌の純培養に成功して、すでに患者材料中に認められていたクレプスの桿菌(かんきん)を病原菌と決定した。1897年フロッシュPaul Frosch(1860―1928)と共同でウシの口蹄疫(こうていえき)の病原は一種のウイルスであると発表、動物ウイルスの最初の報告である。日本の緒方正規(おがたまさのり)は、ドイツ留学の際にコッホがエジプト、インドに旅行中のためレフラーに師事して細菌学技術を習得した。また同じくドイツに留学した北里柴三郎(きたさとしばさぶろう)はまずレフラーに面接してコッホの門下生となった。1910年コッホの死後、国立伝染病研究所(1891年開設)はコッホ伝染病研究所と改名され、レフラーは所長に就任した。

[藤野恒三郎]

[参照項目] | 緒方正規 | 北里柴三郎 | クレプス | 口蹄疫 | コッホ | ジフテリア

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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