A law against association established during the French Revolution (June 1791). Its official name was the Decree on the Assembly of Workers and Craftsmen of the Same Rank and Profession. It is called the Le Chapelier Law after its proposer, Issac-René-Guy Le Chapelier (1754-94). It was born as an extension of the abolition of trade associations (guilds). Before the Revolution, the Turgot Edict (1776) abolished trade associations, which had been a persistent shackle against industrial development, on the basis of the idea of "freedom of labor" based on the Physiocratic idea of "laisse-faire." Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
フランス革命の中で定められた団結禁止法(1791年6月)。正式名は〈同一の身分および職業の労働者および職人の集合に関するデクレ(法令)〉。提案者ル・シャプリエIssac‐René‐Guy Le Chapelier(1754‐94)の名を付してル・シャプリエ法と呼ばれる。同業組合(ギルド)廃止の延長線上で生まれた。革命前,チュルゴ勅令(1776)が重農主義の〈自由放任論(レッセ・フェール)〉を土台とした〈労働の自由〉の観念を根拠として,産業発展の桎梏(しつこく)となっていた同業組合を廃止した。
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