It was developed as a local anesthetic, but has since come to be used to treat arrhythmias associated with various diseases. Lidocaine hydrochloride injections are used for spinal anesthesia, epidural anesthesia, conduction anesthesia, and infiltration anesthesia, and a 1-2% solution is applied or sprayed for topical anesthesia. A 2% injection containing epinephrine hydrochloride is often used for dental treatment. A 5% ointment is used for pain from trauma, burns, puncture wounds, frostbite, and hemorrhoids. It is also used as an intravenous drip for arrhythmias. Lidocaine is a white or pale yellow crystal or crystalline powder with a slight characteristic odor, a slightly bitter taste, and paralyzes the tongue. It is a highly potent drug, with the maximum doses being 0.2 grams per dose (for epidural, conduction, and infiltration anesthesia) and 4 milligrams per minute (for intravenous drip). [Fumiji Koho] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
局所麻酔剤として開発されたが、その後各種疾患に伴う不整脈の治療にも用いられるようになった。塩酸リドカイン注射液として脊椎(せきつい)麻酔、硬膜外麻酔、伝達麻酔、浸潤麻酔に用いられ、また1~2%液として表面麻酔に塗布または噴霧する。歯科用には塩酸エピネフリンを配合した2%注射液がよく用いられる。外傷、熱傷、刺傷、凍傷、痔疾(じしつ)の疼痛(とうつう)には5%軟膏(なんこう)が用いられる。なお、不整脈には点滴静脈注射で使用される。リドカインは白色ないし微黄色の結晶または結晶性粉末で、わずかに特異臭があり、味はわずかに苦く、舌を麻痺(まひ)する。劇薬で、極量1回0.2グラム(硬膜外・伝達・浸潤麻酔)および1回毎分4ミリグラム(点滴静注)。 [幸保文治] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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