School bag - Landsel

Japanese: ランドセル - らんどせる
School bag - Landsel

A school bag used by elementary school children. It is a corrupted version of the Dutch word ransel and is also called "knapsack." There are various theories about its origin, including that it was invented by Meiji-era army general Nogi Maresuke, or that it was presented by Ito Hirobumi when Emperor Taisho entered Gakushuin. In Japan, it was first used by the army, but around 1897 (Meiji 30), it took on the form we use today, and what was originally used by the children of the upper class gradually spread throughout the country and has now become a typical item for school entrance.

Fourteen foreign countries have set styles of school bags, with backpack styles similar to those used in Japan being used in South Korea, the UK, and Norway, handbag styles being used in Russia, India, Brazil, and Argentina, combined styles being used in France, Germany, and Italy, and shoulder styles being used in China and Singapore.

Materials include natural leather, synthetic leather (a base of brushed woven or knitted fabric coated with synthetic resin), and artificial leather (a layer of synthetic resin formed into a film-like shape glued to a layer of heat-shrinkable synthetic fiber nonwoven fabric). Natural leather is strong and resistant to deformation, and can be repaired. Artificial leather is also light, strong, and resistant to rain, so there is not much difference in use compared to natural leather, and so it is used about half the time. Synthetic leather is light and resistant to rain, but is somewhat difficult to repair.

The standard size is 23 cm wide, 27 cm high, and weighs about 0.8 to 1.2 kg, with the thickness varying depending on the gusset inside. When choosing one, it is important to make sure it fits snugly when the child puts it on, and to carefully check the stitching and labeling before purchasing.

[Abe Ayako]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

小学生児童が使う通学用かばんのこと。オランダ語のランセルranselがなまったもので、「背嚢(はいのう)」ともよばれる。その起源については、明治時代の陸軍大将乃木希典(のぎまれすけ)が発案したとか、大正天皇が学習院に入学する際、伊藤博文(ひろぶみ)が献上したなど諸説がある。日本では最初陸軍で使用されたが、1897年(明治30)ごろに現在使われているような形になり、当初上流の子弟が使っていたものがしだいに全国に普及して、いまでは入学用品の代表的なものとなっている。

 外国では14か国が決まった形の通学用かばんを使用しているが、日本と同じような背負い式は韓国、イギリス、ノルウェー、手提げ式はロシア、インド、ブラジル、アルゼンチン、兼用はフランス、ドイツ、イタリア、ショルダー式は中国、シンガポールなどで使われている。

 材質には天然皮革、合成皮革(織布または編布を起毛した基布の上に合成樹脂を塗布したもの)、人工皮革(熱収縮性のある合成繊維の不織布層に膜状に成形した合成樹脂層を貼(は)り合わせたもの)がある。天然皮革はじょうぶで変形しにくく、修理も可能である。また人工皮革も軽くてじょうぶ、雨に強いなど、天然皮革と比べて使用上大差ないため、半々ぐらいに使われている。合成皮革は軽くて雨にも強いが、修理がややむずかしい。

 標準サイズとしては、幅23センチメートル、高さ27センチメートル、重さ0.8~1.2キログラムぐらいで、厚みは中の襠(まち)などにより異なる。選ぶときには、かならず子供に背負わせて体にぴったりしたものであること、また縫製や表示などをよく確認して購入することがたいせつである。

[阿部絢子]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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