It is an emulsion of rubber particles with an average diameter of about 1 micrometer dispersed in water. There are natural and synthetic rubber latexes. Natural rubber latex is an emulsion obtained by cutting the bark of the Para rubber tree, and contains 35-40% rubber hydrocarbons and 1-2% each of proteins, fatty acids, and sugars. The rubber particles are negatively charged, have an isoelectric point of 4.8, and when acidified, they coagulate and separate raw rubber. Since it is prone to coagulation naturally due to the action of enzymes, 0.6% ammonia is added as a preservative. For transportation, it is made into concentrated latex containing 60-70% rubber. It has good film-forming ability and the dried film has high elasticity and strength, so it is used for rubber thread, rubber gloves, foam rubber, medical and sanitary products, adhesives, carpets, road paving, etc. Various synthetic rubber latexes are produced by emulsion polymerization, as well as by dispersing a solution of solution polymerization in water with an emulsifier. Synthetic rubber latex is consumed in greater quantities than natural rubber latex, with SBR (styrene butadiene rubber) latex being the most common, and is used in paper processing, textile processing, road paving, plastic improvement, paints, adhesives, etc. BR (butadiene rubber) latex is used as the base polymer for ABS resin, NBR (acrylonitrile butadiene rubber) latex is used in textile processing, and CR (chloroprene rubber) latex is used in special paper processing, etc. Synthetic rubber latex is often made by emulsion polymerization, so it is sometimes called emulsion. [Kazuyoshi Fukuda] [Reference item] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
平均粒径1マイクロメートル程度の微粒子のゴムが水中に分散した乳濁液である。天然ゴムと合成ゴムのラテックスがある。天然ゴムラテックスはパラゴムノキの樹皮に傷をつけて採取される乳液であり、ゴム炭化水素35~40%とタンパク質、脂肪酸、糖類それぞれ1~2%を含む。ゴムの微粒子は負に帯電し、等電点が4.8であり、酸性にすると凝固して生ゴムが分離する。自然にも酵素の作用などで凝固しやすいので、保存剤としてアンモニアを0.6%加える。輸送のためにゴム分を60~70%含む濃縮ラテックスとする。皮膜形成能がよく乾燥皮膜は高い弾力性と強さをもつので、糸ゴム、ゴム手袋、フォームラバー、医療衛生用品、接着剤、カーペット、道路舗装などの用途がある。各種合成ゴムラテックスは乳化重合によって製造されるほか、溶液重合の溶液を乳化剤とともに水中に分散してつくられる。合成ゴムラテックスは天然ゴムラテックスより多量に消費され、なかでもSBR(スチレン・ブタジエンゴム)ラテックスが多く、紙加工、繊維処理、道路舗装、プラスチックの改善、塗料、接着剤などに用いる。BR(ブタジエンゴム)ラテックスはABS樹脂のべースポリマーとして、NBR(アクリロニトリル・ブタジエンゴム)ラテックスは繊維処理、CR(クロロプレンゴム)ラテックスは、特殊紙加工などの用途がある。合成ゴムラテックスは乳化重合でつくられることが多いので、エマルジョンとよばれることもある。 [福田和吉] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
A district designated for agricultural land within...
A semi-cold-hardy annual plant of the family Viol...
The term refers to the spread of learned law (Roma...
Occupation/Title Singer-songwriter nationality Ca...
Also called shinpitsu. Handwriting by the emperor....
… It can be said that the new development of elec...
The largest electronics manufacturer in Europe, ba...
It is one of the embryonic membranes of vertebrat...
A moss with a unique ecology in the family Plommat...
…Taxonomically, all of them belong to the order A...
...They are said to be one of the oldest ethnic g...
Traditional Kyoto potters. Eight generations of t...
1344‐98 A minor Anatolian prince and poet. He serv...
A term used mainly for Japanese labor union moveme...
...In Japan, frozen food production was just 5,00...