Four heavens

Japanese: 四天 - してん

[1] [Noun] ① The four seasons of the sky. Spring is called Souten , summer is called Kouten , autumn is called Binten , and winter is called Joten . The four seasons. [Shogenjiko Setsuyoshu (1717)] ② East, west, north, south. The four directions. ※Zappai, Yanagitaru-Shiroku (1808) “The earth spider transforms and builds a nest in the four heavens.” ③ An abbreviation of “Shitenge (the four heavens)” and “Shitennou Ten (the four heavenly kings).” ※Sankyo Shiiki (c. 797) vol. 2 “For the sake of life and death, the sea is wrapped _around _{two or three} edges, and _{there is no hope of reaching the end} . It is _bounded by _{two or} four heavens, and there is no _limit to how far it can reach.” ④ The four edges of the top of a mosquito net. ※Hyohyo-ki Shikido Daikyo (1678) 3 "The mosquito net is made of brocade or gold-inlaid fabric."[2] Abbreviation of " Shitennou (Four Heavenly Kings) (1)". ※Kusatsu Honhobutsu-shu (1179) 9 "Not only the proof of the many treasures, the protection of Fugen, the protection of the four heavenly kings, and the surrounding of the Ten Rakshasas, but also if it lasts for a while."

Yo-ten [Four Heavenly Kings]

〘Noun〙① In Kabuki, a costume with wide sleeves and split hems worn by active roles such as warriors, bandits, pirates, and catchers. There are glittering woven costumes with decorative tassels called baren , and cotton costumes without baren. There are also varieties such as the all-black koku shiten and the hana shiten with red dyed patterns in which the actor holds flower branches or flower spears. [Essays, Ichibanashi Ichigo (around 1779-1820)]② Carrying or moving luggage, carts, etc., by four people. ※Gekijyo Shinwa (around 1804-09), Part 1: "It comes out and spins around four times. <omitted> When four people carry it up, it is when one person comes out." [Additional note] The name "Shiten" is thought to be a play on the name of the hanten (half-coat) , an allusion to the Four Heavenly Kings of Buddhism, and the "shi" in "shiten" was avoided, leading to the name "Yoten."

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

[1] 〘名〙① 四時の天。春を蒼天(そうてん)、夏を昊天(こうてん)、秋を旻天(びんてん)、冬を上天(じょうてん)といい、これを総称していう語。四季。〔書言字考節用集（1717）〕② 東西南北。四方。※雑俳・柳多留‐四六（1808）「土蜘は化て四天へ巣をかける」③ 「してんげ（四天下）」「してんのうてん（四天王天）」などの略。※三教指帰（797頃）下「夫生死之為海也、纒_二三有際_一、彌望罔_レ極。帯_二四天表_一、渺瀰無_レ測」④ 蚊屋の上部の四方のへり。※評判記・色道大鏡（1678）三「蚊帳は、たうか、ろりん、ろけん、ほら、四天(シテン)ちへりは錦織或は金入織物のしつ」[2] 「してんのう（四天王）(一)」の略。※九冊本宝物集（1179頃）九「多宝の証明、普賢の擁護、四天の守護、十羅刹の囲遶のみにもあらず、しばらくもたもてば」

よ‐てん【四天】

〘名〙① 歌舞伎で、勇士・山賊・海賊・捕手などの激しく体を動かす役の着る、広袖で左右の裾が割れている衣装。きらびやかな織物に馬簾(ばれん)という飾りふさのついたものと、木綿地で馬簾のつかないものとがある。また、黒一色の黒四天、赤系統の染模様で役者が手に花枝や花槍を持って出る花四天などの種類がある。〔随筆・一話一言（1779‐1820頃）〕② 荷物や荷車などを、四人でかついだり動かしたりすること。※劇場新話（1804‐09頃）上「せり出し四てんぶん廻し〈略〉四人にて担ぎ上る是は一人せり出の時也」[補注]四天の名は半纏(はんてん)の名をもじり仏教の四天王になぞらえ、「してん」の「し」を忌んで「よてん」と称したものかと思われる。

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