It is also written as yuba or yuba. It is a soy product. There are various theories about the origin of the name, including that it comes from the floating skin on the surface of soy milk, or that it is an abbreviation of uwamono (high-quality tofu) and uba (mother of tofu). Raw yuba is made by boiling soy milk and scooping out the membrane that forms on the surface, while dried yuba is called hoshiyuba. Usually, the word yuba means dried yuba. It was introduced from China during the Kamakura period, and processed yuba such as rolled yuba, squeezed yuba, tea towel yuba, and thread-wrapped yuba were produced during the Edo period. Kyoto and Nikko are famous production areas. Raw yuba includes large folded up hikaki yuba, rolled yuba, and peony yuba (also called Toji yuba), which is made by wrapping ingredients such as ginkgo nuts and lily root in raw yuba and deep-frying it. Dried yuba includes sheet yuba (also called flat yuba) made by drying pulled yuba, folded yuba, knotted yuba, and rolled yuba (thick rolls, thin rolls, etc.) that is dried. Some dried yuba is colored yellow. Some stores also sell the scraps in bags, or sweet yuba made from misshapen raw yuba or the thick part of the bottom of a pot as a side dish. [Tomomi Kono and Yonago Yamaguchi] Nutrition and CookingYuba is a concentrated form of soy milk, so it is rich in protein. Dried yuba contains 53% protein, and raw yuba contains 22%, making it a source of protein in shojin ryori (traditional vegetarian cuisine). It also contains a lot of fat, calcium, iron, potassium, and vitamin B1 . Raw yuba can be eaten as is with wasabi soy sauce, or used in deep-fried dishes, stews, and soups. Dried yuba can be soaked in lukewarm water until it is completely moist, and then used in stews, soups, barazushi (gomoku sushi), and other dishes. Store raw yuba in the refrigerator and use within a few days. Dried yuba keeps well, but if it is left for a long time or stored at a high temperature, the fat will oxidize and the flavor will deteriorate. In China, yuba is called tofu skin (doufupi) or oil skin (iupi) and comes in many different forms. [Tomomi Kono and Yonago Yamaguchi] [Reference item] |©Shogakukan "> Fresh yuba (rolled yuba) Also known as flat yuba ©Shogakukan "> Dried yuba (sheet yuba) ©Shogakukan "> Dried yuba (rolled yuba) Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
湯波、湯婆とも書く。大豆製品の一つ。語源は、豆乳(とうにゅう)の表面に浮かぶ皮「浮皮(うわ)」から、また豆腐の上物(うわもの)、豆腐の姥(うば)の略語などの説がある。豆乳を煮つめ、表面にできる被膜状のものをすくい取ったものが生(なま)湯葉、乾燥したものが干し湯葉である。通常、湯葉というと干し湯葉を意味することが多い。鎌倉時代に中国から伝わり、江戸時代には巻き湯葉、絞り湯葉、茶巾(ちゃきん)湯葉、糸巻き湯葉などの加工湯葉がつくられている。京都と日光が名産地。生湯葉には、大きく畳んだ引き上げ湯葉、巻き湯葉、ぎんなん・百合根(ゆりね)などの具を生湯葉で巻き込み油で揚げた牡丹(ぼたん)湯葉(東寺(とうじ)湯葉ともいう)などがある。干し湯葉には、引き上げ湯葉を干した板(いた)湯葉(平(ひら)湯葉ともいう)、小形に畳んだ畳み湯葉、結び湯葉、巻いて干した巻き湯葉(太巻き、細巻きなど)などがある。干し湯葉では黄色く着色したものもある。また、切れ端を袋詰めにしたり、生湯葉で形の悪いものや鍋(なべ)底の濃厚な部分からつくったものを甘湯葉として総菜用に売る店もある。 [河野友美・山口米子] 栄養・調理湯葉は豆乳を濃縮した形であるため、タンパク質が豊富である。干し湯葉で53%、生湯葉でも22%含まれ、精進料理のタンパク質の給源である。脂肪、カルシウム、鉄、カリウム、ビタミンB1も多く含まれる。生湯葉はそのままわさびじょうゆで食べたり、から揚げ、煮物、吸い物に用いる。干し湯葉は水が行き渡る程度にぬるま湯でもどし、煮物、吸い物、ばらずし(五目ずし)などに用いる。生湯葉は冷蔵庫に入れ、数日間で使用すること。干し湯葉は保存性はよいが、長く置いたり、保存温度が高いと脂肪が酸化し、風味が低下する。中国の湯葉は豆腐皮(ドウフウピイ)、油皮(イウピイ)とよばれ、多種類の形がある。 [河野友美・山口米子] [参照項目] |©Shogakukan"> 生湯葉(巻き湯葉) 平湯葉ともいう©Shogakukan"> 干し湯葉(板湯葉) ©Shogakukan"> 干し湯葉(巻き湯葉) 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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