This is a method of drying in which liquid or slurry materials are sprayed into hot air and entrained in the air current in the form of fine droplets less than 1 mm in size (air current conveying hot air drying method). Atomizing the material increases the surface area (specific surface area) per unit amount of material, which is effective in receiving the latent heat of evaporation required for drying from the surrounding hot air and evaporating the moisture in the material into the surrounding air current. As a result, the contact time with the hot air is short and the material temperature is relatively low, making it suitable for drying items that are easily affected by temperature, such as food. The methods used for atomization are (1) one-fluid (pressurized) nozzle, (2) two-fluid (airflow) nozzle, and (3) rotating plate (centrifugal force type. In practice, bell-shaped and inverted bell-shaped nozzles are used.) In addition, a cyclone-type device is often used to make contact with the airflow and collect the dried product more effective. [Yuji Kawamura] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
液状または泥漿(でいしょう)状材料を熱風中に噴霧させ、1ミリメートル以下の微細な滴状で気流に同伴させながら乾燥させる方法(気流搬送式熱風乾燥法)である。材料を微粒化することは、材料単位量当りの表面積(比表面積)を大きくすることによって、乾燥に必要な蒸発潜熱を周囲の熱風から受けることや、材料中の水分を周囲の気流中へ蒸発させることに有効である。そのため、熱風との接触時間が短く、材料温度も比較的低く、食品など温度の影響を受けやすいものの乾燥に適している。 微粒化には(1)一流体(加圧式)ノズル、(2)二流体(気流式)ノズル、(3)回転板(遠心力式。実用的には釣鐘型、逆釣鐘型などのものが用いられる)の方法が用いられている。また、気流との接触および乾燥製品の捕集を有効にさせるため、サイクロン型の装置形式をとることが多い。 [河村祐治] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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