Motsuji Temple

Japanese: 毛越寺 - もうつうじ
Motsuji Temple

This is a special head temple of the Tendai sect located in Hiraizumi, Hiraizumi-cho, Nishiiwai-gun, Iwate Prefecture. The temple name was also read as "Moutsuji." It is called Iozan Kongo-o-in. It is a single mountain temple consisting of 17 buildings, and the main hall's principal image is Yakushi Nyorai. In 850 (Kasho 3), Ennin, the founder of Chusonji Temple, built a central hall to enshrine Yakushi Nyorai as a place of prayer for the protection of the nation in this area, which is the capital's unlucky direction, and named the temple Kasho-ji after the era. Later, at the request of Emperors Horikawa and Toba, Fujiwara no Kiyohira and Motohira rebuilt the temple, and in the early Kamakura period, it had over 40 temple buildings and over 500 monks' quarters, and along with Chusonji, it was the center of Hiraizumi culture. After the fall of the Fujiwara clan in 1189 (Bun'ei 5), Minamoto no Yoritomo made it a place of prayer for the military, but due to frequent fires, not a single building from that time remains. Currently, the temple grounds include the main hall, which was rebuilt in 1989 (Heisei 1), as well as the Jodo Hall and Treasure Museum. The foundation stones and remains of Motohira's reconstruction remain, and the temple grounds have been designated a Special Historic Site. The garden (a Special Place of Scenic Beauty) still retains the original stone arrangement from the time of its creation, centered around Oizumigaike Pond, and is a relic of a typical Pure Land garden from the Heian period. There are also two stone monuments bearing Basho's haiku poems, including "Summer grass is like a dream." The traditional Jyogyodo Zanmaiku and Ennen no Mai dances are both designated as Important Intangible Folk Cultural Properties. Each temple has many temple treasures.

[Nakayama Kiyota]

[Reference item] | Ennen | Hiraizumi (town)
Motsuji Temple
Along with Chusonji Temple, this special head temple of the Tendai sect was at the heart of Hiraizumi culture. It was founded by Jikaku Daishi Ennin in 850 (Kasho 3). There were once over 40 buildings and pagodas and over 500 monks' quarters, but due to repeated fires, none of the original buildings remain. The photo shows the main hall, which was rebuilt in 1989 (Heisei 1). Nationally designated special historic site Hiraizumi Town, Nishiiwai County, Iwate Prefecture © Iwate Prefecture Tourism Association ">

Motsuji Temple

Motsuji Temple Ennen Dance
The photo shows a children's dance. Nationally designated important intangible folk cultural property Hiraizumi Town, Nishiiwai District, Iwate Prefecture © Iwate Prefecture Tourism Association .

Motsuji Temple Ennen Dance


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

岩手県西磐井(にしいわい)郡平泉(ひらいずみ)町平泉にある天台宗別格本山。寺名は「もうつじ」とも読まれていた。医王山金剛王(こんごうおう)院と号する。17院からなる一山寺院で、本堂の本尊は薬師如来(にょらい)。850年(嘉祥3)、中尊寺を開いた慈覚大師円仁(えんにん)が、都の鬼門にあたるこの地に鎮護国家祈願所として薬師如来を祀(まつ)る中堂を建立、年号をとって嘉祥(かしょう)寺としたのを開基とする。のち堀河(ほりかわ)、鳥羽(とば)両帝の勅願により藤原清衡(ふじわらのきよひら)・基衡(もとひら)が再興、鎌倉初期には堂塔40余、僧坊500余を数え、中尊寺とともに平泉文化の中心であった。1189年(文治5)藤原氏滅亡後は源頼朝(みなもとのよりとも)が武門祈願所としたというが、たびたびの火災で当時の建物は一宇も残されていない。現在境内には1989年(平成1)再建された本堂のほか常行堂、宝物館がある。基衡の再興時の礎石や遺構が残されており、境内地は特別史跡に指定されている。庭園(特別名勝)は大泉が池を中心に造園当時の配石を残しており、平安時代の典型的な浄土庭園の遺跡である。また、芭蕉(ばしょう)の「夏草やつはものどもが夢のあと」などの句碑2基がある。常行堂で古式にのっとって行われる常行三昧供(ざんまいく)、そのあと奉納される延年の舞(えんねんのまい)はいずれも国重要無形民俗文化財に指定されている。各子院には寺宝も多い。

[中山清田]

[参照項目] | 延年 | 平泉(町)
毛越寺
中尊寺とともに平泉文化の中心をなした天台宗別格本山。850年(嘉祥3)に慈覚大師円仁が開山した。かつては堂塔40余、僧房500余を数えたが、たび重なる火災により当時の建物は残っていない。写真は1989年(平成1)に再建された本堂。国指定特別史跡 岩手県西磐井郡平泉町©公益財団法人岩手県観光協会">

毛越寺

毛越寺延年の舞
写真は稚児舞。国指定重要無形民俗文化財 岩手県西磐井郡平泉町©公益財団法人岩手県観光協会">

毛越寺延年の舞


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