Aksakov, Sergei Timofeevich

Japanese: アクサーコフ(英語表記)Aksakov, Sergei Timofeevich
Aksakov, Sergei Timofeevich
Born: October 1, 1791, Ufa
Died May 12, 1859. Moscow Russian writer. Born into an old aristocratic family, he dropped out of Kazan University in 1807, went to St. Petersburg the following year to become a translator for the bill deliberations committee, and was later transferred to Moscow to become a censor. In 1833 he became the superintendent of the Konstantinov Surveying School, and later its principal. While working, he also wrote leisure guides such as Zapiski ob uzhenii ryby (1847) and Zapiski ruzheinogo okhotonika Orenburgskoi gubernii (47). He gained his literary fame in his later years with two long novels, Semeinaya Khronika (56) and its sequel Detskie gody Bagrova-vnuka (58), which described the family history over three generations in a clear and concise style, and realistically exposed the dark side and contradictions hidden in the seemingly idyllic life of a landowner. The brothers K. Aksakov and I. Aksakov, famous as Slavophiles, are his sons.

Aksakov
Aksakov, Konstantin Sergeevich

Born: April 10, 1817, Aksakovo, near Ufa
[Died] December 19, 1860. Born in Zakynthos, Greece. Russian thinker, historian, and man of letters. Son of writer S. Aksakov. Older brother of pan-Slavist poet I. Aksakov. Entered Moscow University and joined N. Stankevich's circle to study Hegelian philosophy. Soon after graduating from university in 1835, he formed friendships with Slavophile thinkers A. Khomyakov, I. Kireyevsky, Y. Samarin, and others, and by the 1840s had become a leading theorist of the Slavophile movement, influenced by them. He emphasized the uniqueness of Russia compared to Europe, and advocated a return to the communal society that existed before Peter the Great's reforms. His major works include Lomonosov in the history of Russian literature and the Russian language, the play The Liberation of Moscow in 1612 (1846) and On the internal state of Russia (On the internal state of Russia).

Aksakov
Aksakov, Ivan Sergeevich

Born October 8, 1823, near Sverdlovsk
Died February 8, 1886. Moscow Russian thinker, poet, and social activist. Son of writer S. Aksakov. Brother of Slavophile K. Aksakov. Entered law school in St. Petersburg in 1838, and entered public service immediately after graduation in 1842. In 1844, he investigated separatists in Bessarabia, submitted a report criticizing the government, which caused controversy and led to his arrest. In 1852, he retired from public service after publishing Brodyaga, an epic poem depicting the tragic fate of serfs. He never held a public post again, instead working as an editor for the Slavophile newspapers Den', Moskva, and Rus', as well as the magazine Russkaya Beseda. In his later years, he became a conservative and defended autocratic government. In addition to the above, his other major works include Studies on Merchandise Trading at the Ukrainian Markets (Issledovanie o torgovle na ukrainskikh yarmarkakh) (1858).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
[生]1791.10.1. ウファ
[没]1859.5.12. モスクワ
ロシアの作家。古い家柄の貴族の家に生れ,1807年カザン大学を中退,翌年ペテルブルグへ出て法案審議委員会の翻訳官となり,その後モスクワへ転勤,検閲官となった。 33年からコンスタンチーノフ測量専門学校の学監,のち同校の校長となった。勤務のかたわら創作の筆をとり,『魚釣記』 Zapiski ob uzhenii ryby (1847) や『オレンブルグ県の狩猟家の手記』 Zapiski ruzheinogo okhotonika Orenburgskoi gubernii (47) などレジャー案内記的な書を著わした。文名を得たのは晩年の『家族の記録』 Semeinaya khronika (56) とその続編『孫バグロフの幼年時代』 Detskie gody Bagrova-vnuka (58) の2長編で,バグロフ家3代にわたる家族の歴史を平明簡潔な文体で描き,牧歌的にみえる地主生活にひそむ暗黒面と矛盾を,リアルにえぐり出した。スラブ主義者として有名な K.アクサーコフ,I.アクサーコフ兄弟は彼の息子。

アクサーコフ
Aksakov, Konstantin Sergeevich

[生]1817.4.10. ウファ近郊アクサーコボ
[没]1860.12.19. ギリシア,ザキンソス島
ロシアの思想家,歴史家,文学者。作家 S.アクサーコフの子。汎スラブ主義者で詩人の I.アクサーコフの兄。モスクワ大学に入学し,N.スタンケビッチのサークルに加入してヘーゲル哲学を学んだ。 1835年大学を卒業してまもなく,A.ホミャコフ,I.キレーエフスキー,Y.サマーリンらスラブ派の思想家たちと親交を結び,その感化を受けて 40年代にはすでにスラブ主義運動の指導的な理論家となった。ヨーロッパに対するロシアの特異性を強調し,ピョートル大帝の改革前の,共同体社会への復帰を説いた。主著『ロシア文学とロシア語の歴史におけるロモノーソフ』 Lomonosov v istorii russkoi literatury i russkogo yazyka,戯曲『1612年におけるモスクワの解放』 Osvobozhdenie Moskvy v 16 12g. (1846) ,『ロシアの国内状態について』O vnutrennem sostoyanii Rossii。

アクサーコフ
Aksakov, Ivan Sergeevich

[生]1823.10.8. スベルドロフスク近郊
[没]1886.2.8. モスクワ
ロシアの思想家,詩人,社会活動家。作家 S.アクサーコフの子。スラブ主義者 K.アクサーコフの弟。 1838年ペテルブルグの法律学校へ入学,42年卒業と同時に官途についた。 44年,ベッサラビアの分離派教徒の調査を行い,政府を批判した報告書を提出して問題となり逮捕された。 52年,農奴の悲劇的な運命を描いた叙事詩『放浪者』 Brodyagaを発表したため退官,以後二度と官途にはつかず,スラブ派の新聞『ジェーニ』 Den',『モスクワ』 Moskva,『ルーシ』 Rus'や,雑誌『ロシアの対話』 Russkaya besedaなどの編集にあたった。晩年は保守化し,独裁政治の擁護者となった。主著には上記のほか『ウクライナの定期市における商品取引に関する研究』 Issledovanie o torgovle na ukrainskikh yarmarkakh (1858) などがある。

出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報

<<:  Aksakov Brothers - Aksakov Siblings

>>:  Aq Qoyunlu Dynasty - Aq Qoyunlu

Recommend

Kyakhta (English spelling)

A city in the Republic of Buryatia, in central-eas...

Akikawa - Meisen

The town is located in the southern part of North ...

Tategami - Mane

Originally, it was a term used in contrast to hori...

Azerbaijan - Azeri

...In the 12th century, Haghani (?-1199) and Niza...

Later years - Bannen

Dazai Osamu's first collection of creative wr...

Mr. Honma

A local lord of Sado Province. The Honma clan was ...

Wood-rotting beetle - Allecula melanaria

An insect of the family Carnivora in the order Col...

Buddhist cuisine - Shojinryori

Cuisine made from plant-based ingredients. The na...

Aediles - Aediles

...The powerful plebeians wanted equal rights wit...

cap spinning frame

...For wool over 20 cm long, a sliver is made usi...

Ayumodoki genus - Ayumodoki genus

… [Misgurine family] There are 6 genera and 10 sp...

Anticodon - Anticodon (English spelling)

A unit used in genetics. It is part of the struct...

Hiraya [village] - Hiraya

A village in Shimoina County, in the southwestern ...

Incarceration

A small fishing boat found on the west coast of Ky...

Tosakanori - Tosakanori

A perennial seaweed of the red algae family, the ...