Kaimon

Japanese: 廻文 - かいもん

Also called "kaibun." A palindrome is a word that sounds the same whether read from top to bottom or bottom to top. Examples of palindrome nouns and palindrome phrases include "greengrocer," "newspaper," "rice planting song," "the bamboo shop burned down," and "rice boiled in dye." The oldest palindrome waka poems are said to be the two poems "Murakusa ni kusa no na wa moshi sona haraba nazo shimo hana no saku ni sakuramu" and "Shimedomo saitai itomo to yukuharu hakuyu to saitai itomo tomeji wo," which are included in the Heian period book of waka poetry "Etsumokusho" by Fujiwara no Mototoshi. Fujiwara no Takanobu is also famous as a person who consciously created palindrome waka poems as a form of language play. In addition, collections of palindrome haiku and palindrome renku were also published in the Edo period.

Round tale

Since the Heian period, a document issued to two or more people to order them to perform various duties or to inform them that they should appear in court for a lawsuit.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

「かいぶん」ともいう。回文，すなわち上から読んでも下から読んでも同じ音の言葉のこと。「八百屋」「新聞紙」「田植唄」などや，「竹屋が焼けた」「飯 (めし) にお煮染 (にしめ) 」などが廻文名詞や廻文句の例。廻文和歌で最も古いものは，平安時代の藤原基俊の歌学書『悦目抄』に収録されている「むらくさにくさのなはもしそなはらばなぞしもはなのさくにさくらむ」と「をしめどもついにいつもとゆくはるはくゆともついにいつもとめじを」の2首といわれており，また，言語遊戯として，廻文和歌を意識的に作った人物としては藤原隆信が有名である。なお，江戸時代には廻文俳諧や廻文連句の撰集も出ている。