This is a Buddhist site in the eastern Malwa region of Madhya Pradesh, central India. On top of a hill about 90 meters high, there are the first, second and third stupas, as well as the remains and ruins of a shrine and a monastery, and it is said to have been built between the 3rd century BC and the 11th century AD. These structures were registered as a World Heritage Site in 1989 (World Cultural Heritage). The famous first tower is particularly famous for its railing (tamagaki) surrounding it and the reliefs on the tower gate, mainly depicting the life of Buddha and scenes of life in the first world, which were created around the time of Christ, and are excellent relics that represent early Indian Buddhist art. The decorative reliefs on the railing of the second tower are older than those of the first tower, and many of them symbolize ancient folk gods. The railing of the third tower has been lost, and only the south gate remains. In addition, the archaeological museum at the foot of the hill displays precious relics, including the stone animal capitals of the Ashoka Pillars. [Shinichi Nagai] [References] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
インド中部、マディヤ・プラデシュ州の東マルワ地方にある仏教遺跡。同名の約90メートルの丘の上に、第1、第2、第3のストゥーパ、および祠堂(しどう)、僧院の遺構、遺址(いし)があり、紀元前3世紀から紀元11世紀ころの間につくられたものといわれる。これらの建造物は1989年に世界遺産の文化遺産として登録されている(世界文化遺産)。とくに有名な第1塔の周囲に巡らされた欄楯(らんじゅん)(玉垣)と塔門の仏伝図、本生(ほんじょう)図を主とした浮彫りは紀元前後の作で、インド仏教初期美術を代表する遺構として優れている。また、第2塔の欄楯の装飾浮彫りは第1塔のそれより古く、古代民俗神を象徴した作例が多くみられる。第3塔は欄楯は失われ南門を残すのみである。なお、丘の登り口の考古博物館にはアショカ王柱の頭柱動物石像その他、貴重な遺品が陳列されている。 [永井信一] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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