Muroran Main Line - Muroran Main Line

Japanese: 室蘭本線 - むろらんほんせん
Muroran Main Line - Muroran Main Line

The name of the Hokkaido Railway Company's track. It consists of 211.0 km between Oshamanbe, Hokkaido, Higashimuroran and Iwamizawa, and 7.0 km between Higashimuroran and Muroran. The Numanohata, Higashimuroran and Muroran sections are AC electrified. The electrification rate is 33.9%. The double-tracking rate is 83.7% (all as of 2012). It is one of the main railways in the central and southern Hokkaido regions. The Hokkaido Colliery Railway opened the Muroran (now Higashimuroran) - Iwamizawa section in 1892 (Meiji 25) to ship coal from the Ishikari coalfields, and in 1897 it was extended to the current Muroran. This section was nationalized in 1906 (Meiji 39), and in 1909 it was named the Muroran Main Line. Meanwhile, a railway line linking Oshamanbe on the Hakodate Main Line and Muroran along the Uchiura Bay coast opened between 1923 and 1928 (Taisho 12-Showa 3) under the names Chorin East Line and Chorin West Line, which became the Chorin Line when it was completed, but was incorporated into the Muroran Main Line in 1931, forming the second main route connecting southern Hokkaido with central Hokkaido. Cities such as Date, Muroran, Noboribetsu, and Tomakomai are found along the line, and it was a busy route transporting coal, lumber for papermaking, paper and pulp, and other goods. After the Second World War, in order to avoid the steep gradient section between Oshamanbe and Otaru on the Hakodate Main Line, the route connecting Hakodate and Sapporo via the Muroran Main Line's Oshamanbe-Numa no Hato section, which has a maximum gradient of 10‰ (per mille), and the Chitose Line became the main route, and many major trains began to run on this route, increasing its importance as a trunk railway. In 1980, the Numanohata-Muroran section was electrified. However, the Numanohata-Iwamizawa section was removed from the main route, and is now a de facto local line. In 1987, following the privatization of the Japanese National Railways, the line became part of Hokkaido Railway Company. In 1997, the new Muroran station building was completed about 200 meters away from the previous Muroran station, and the station was relocated. The old station building was then transferred to Muroran City and is used as a tourist information center.

[Eiichi Aoki and Ryo Aoki]

"JR All Lines and Stations East Japan Edition (JR East Japan and JR Hokkaido)" edited by Satoru Sone (2003, Gakken)""JR All Lines Encyclopedia: Traveling by Railroad" edited by Masatoki Minami (2003, Jitsugyo no Nihon Sha)

[Reference items] | Ishikari Coalfields | Iburi Line | Chitose Line | Per Mille

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

北海道旅客鉄道の線路名称。北海道、長万部(おしゃまんべ)―東室蘭―岩見沢間211.0キロメートルおよび東室蘭―室蘭間7.0キロメートルよりなる。沼ノ端(ぬまのはた)―東室蘭―室蘭間が交流電化。電化率は33.9%。複線化率83.7%(いずれも2012年時点)。道央および道南地区における幹線鉄道の一つ。北海道炭礦(たんこう)鉄道によって石狩炭田からの石炭積出しのために1892年(明治25)、室蘭(現、東室蘭)―岩見沢間が開業し、1897年に現在の室蘭まで延長された。この区間は1906年(明治39)国有化され、1909年に室蘭本線と称された。一方、内浦湾岸沿いに函館(はこだて)本線の長万部と室蘭を結ぶ鉄道が長輪(ちょうりん)東線と長輪西線の名称で1923~1928年(大正12~昭和3)に開業し、全通とともに長輪線となったが、1931年室蘭本線に編入されて、道南地方と道央を結ぶ第二のメインルートを形成した。沿線には伊達(だて)、室蘭、登別(のぼりべつ)、苫小牧(とまこまい)などの都市が分布し、石炭、製紙原料としての木材、紙・パルプなどの輸送でにぎわった。第二次世界大戦後、函館本線長万部―小樽(おたる)間の急勾配(こうばい)区間を避けるため、最急勾配10‰(パーミル)の室蘭本線長万部―沼ノ端間と千歳(ちとせ)線を経由して函館―札幌間を結ぶルートがメインルートとなり、主要列車の多くがこのルートを走るようになって、幹線鉄道としての重要性が高まった。1980年(昭和55)には沼ノ端―室蘭間が電化されている。しかし、沼ノ端―岩見沢間はこのメインルートから外れ、現在では事実上ローカル線となっている。1987年、日本国有鉄道の分割民営化に伴い、北海道旅客鉄道に所属。1997年(平成9)、新室蘭駅舎がそれまでの室蘭駅から200メートルほど離れたところに完成し、移転した。その後、旧駅舎は室蘭市に譲渡され、観光案内所として利用されている。

[青木栄一・青木 亮]

『曽根悟監修『JR全線・全駅舎 東日本編(JR東日本・JR北海道)』(2003・学習研究社)』『南正時編著『JR全路線なるほど事典 鉄道を旅する』(2003・実業之日本社)』

[参照項目] | 石狩炭田 | 胆振線 | 千歳線 | パーミル

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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