Made by Miyatsuko

One of the ancient surnames. There are several theories about its origin, including that it comes from "Miyatsuko" (Lord's servant) and that it is a Korean title of respect for nobles. There are over 190 clans that coined the surname, many of which claim to be descendants of gods or naturalized people. The surname was given to mid-ranking Tomo no Miyatsuko (companion ministers) who led the bemin (commoners) and shared duties at the Yamato Imperial Court, but it was bestowed on the family name slightly later than Muraji (municipal clans), around the 6th century when the bemin system was in full swing. In 684 (the 13th year of Emperor Tenmu's reign), when the eight ranks of surnames were established, only Osakabe no Miyatsuko and Oshinumi no Miyatsuko were given the third-ranking surname Sukune, and Hata no Miyatsuko was given the fourth-ranking surname Imiki; the rest were allowed to keep their created surnames.

[Maenozono Ryoichi]

"A Study of Ancient Japanese Social Organization, Revised Edition, by Ryo Ohta (1955, Kunimitsu Shobo)" "Abe Takehiko's "Clan Names" (1966, Shibundo)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

古代の姓(かばね)の一つ。語源については「御臣（ミヤツコ）」説、朝鮮語の貴人の敬称説などがある。造姓氏族は190余を数え、天神、帰化人の後裔(こうえい)と称するものが多い。部民(べみん)を率いて大和(やまと)朝廷の職務を分担する中級の伴造(とものみやつこ)に与えられた姓であるが、賜姓の時期は連(むらじ)よりやや遅く、部民制の盛行した6世紀ごろであった。684年（天武天皇13）八色(やくさ)の姓の制定に際し、刑部造(おさかべのみやつこ)と忍海造(おしぬみのみやつこ)が第三位の宿禰(すくね)を、秦造(はたのみやつこ)が第四位の忌寸(いみき)を賜姓されたにとどまり、ほかは造姓のままにとどめおかれた。

［前之園亮一］

『太田亮著『全訂　日本上代社会組織の研究』（1955・邦光書房）』▽『阿部武彦著『氏姓』（1966・至文堂）』

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